바가바트교

바가바타
	역사적으로 바가바트들은 바수데바-크리슈나를 숭배했다. 바수데바-크리슈나의 초기 묘사, 기원전 190-180년 박트리아의 아가토클레스의 동전.
창시자
	크리슈나
지역
	남아시아
종교
	인도 계통의 종교

바가바타(영어: Bhagavata)는 십육대국 시대에 존재하던 브리슈니족 국가인 수라세나 왕국 출신의 종교 운동가인 크리슈나에 의해 창시된 브리슈니족의 통속 종교이자 오늘날 크리슈나파 힌두교의 전신이다.^[5]^[6]

개요[편집]

실천윤리인 박티를 중요시하고 최고신이자 태양신인 바가바트와 브리슈니 영웅들을 신격화시킨 인물신들을 숭배하였으며, 창시자인 크리슈나 사후에는 브리슈니 영웅신들 중 한 명인 바수데바와 창시자인 크리슈나가 최고신인 바가바트의 신격으로 흡수되면서 바가바트는 바수데바-크리슈나라는 별칭으로 불리며 수라세나의 브리슈니인들에게 열렬한 숭배를 받았지만,^[7] 나중에 비슈누에게 바가바트의 신격이 흡수되기 시작하면서 비슈누가 바가바트와 동일시되자 바가바트교는 비슈누파 힌두교에 서서히 흡수되며 사라지게 되었다.^[8]^[9]^[10]

영향[편집]

바가바트교가 비슈누파 힌두교에 병합되며 사라진 후 바가바트교의 창시자인 크리슈나는 비슈누의 8번째 다샤바타라로 재탄생하였고, 바수데바 역시 크리슈나의 아버지로 다시 등장하였으며 이후 바가바트교의 교리들은 크리슈나를 단순히 비슈누의 아바타라가 아닌 비슈누 자체로 보는 크리슈나파 힌두교의 근간을 이루게 되었다.^[11]^[12]

바가바트 만신전[편집]

바가바트 : 바수데바-크리슈나라고도 불리는 바가바트교의 태양신이자 최고신으로, 비슈누의 8번째 다샤바타라인 크리슈나의 원전이 되는 신이기도 함.
삼카르사나 : 크리슈나의 형인 동시에 같은 비슈누의 8번째 다샤바타라인 발라라마의 원전이 되는 신.
에카남샤 : 바가바트교의 여신으로 나중에 힌두교의 여신으로 흡수되었다.

각주[편집]

↑ "A cult of Vāsudeva, known as Bhagavatism, was already in exitence by the second century BC." in Srinivasan, Doris (1981). 《Kalādarśana: American Studies in the Art of India》 (영어). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-06498-0.
↑ Subburaj, V.V.K. (2004). 《Basic Facts of General Knowledge》 (영어). Sura Books. 67–68쪽. ISBN 978-81-7254-234-4.
↑ Singh, Upinder (2008). 《A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century》 (영어). Pearson Education India. 437쪽. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
↑ Joshi, Nilakanth Purushottam (1979). 《Iconography of Balarāma》 (영어). Abhinav Publications. 22쪽. ISBN 978-81-7017-107-2.
↑ https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=akJXBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=%EB%B0%94%EA%B0%80%EB%B0%94%ED%8A%B8&source=bl&ots=3v88vbdPWM&sig=ACfU3U0gilqrQkWLkcxeCcS2pZzkATG_Rg&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjx0ZP8irDpAhXTdd4KHdfhDwcQ6AEwA3oECAMQAQ 힌두교: 여래학술총서 3
↑ KLOSTERMAIER, Klaus K. (2007). 《A Survey of Hinduism》. State University of New York Press; 3 edition. 204쪽. ISBN 0-7914-7081-4. Not only was Krsnaism influenced by the identification of Krsna with Vishnu, but also Vaishnavism as a whole was partly transformed and reinvented in the light of the popular and powerful Krishna religion. Bhagavatism may have brought an element of cosmic religion into Krishna worship; Krishna has certainly brought a strongly human element into Bhagavatism. ... The center of Krishna-worship has been for a long time Brajbhumi, the district of Mathura that embraces also Vrindavana, Govardhana, and Gokula, associated with Krishna from the time immemorial. Many millions of Krishna bhaktas visit these places ever year and participate in the numerous festivals that reenact scenes from Krshnas life on Earth
↑ Sastri, K. a Nilakanta (1952). 《Age Of The Nandas And Mauryas》. 304-305쪽.
↑ Beck, G. (2005). “Krishna as Loving Husband of God”. 《Alternative Krishnas: Regional and Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity》. ISBN 978-0-7914-6415-1. 2008년 4월 28일에 확인함. Vishnu was by then assimilated with Narayana
↑ Hastings 2003
↑ 《Indian History》 (영어). Allied Publishers. 1988. A-224쪽. ISBN 978-81-8424-568-4.
↑ Srinivasan, Doris (1997). 《Many heads, arms, and eyes: origin, meaning, and form of multiplicity in Indian art》. Leiden: Brill. 134쪽. ISBN 90-04-10758-4.
↑ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam, 편집. 《India through the ages》. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 76쪽.

[DS129-1] "A cult of Vāsudeva, known as Bhagavatism, was already in exitence by the second century BC." in Srinivasan, Doris (1981). 《Kalādarśana: American Studies in the Art of India》 (영어). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-06498-0.

[2] Subburaj, V.V.K. (2004). 《Basic Facts of General Knowledge》 (영어). Sura Books. 67–68쪽. ISBN 978-81-7254-234-4.

[3] Singh, Upinder (2008). 《A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century》 (영어). Pearson Education India. 437쪽. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.

[4] Joshi, Nilakanth Purushottam (1979). 《Iconography of Balarāma》 (영어). Abhinav Publications. 22쪽. ISBN 978-81-7017-107-2.

[5] ttps://books.google.co.kr/books?id=akJXBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=%EB%B0%94%EA%B0%80%EB%B0%94%ED%8A%B8&source=bl&ots=3v88vbdPWM&sig=ACfU3U0gilqrQkWLkcxeCcS2pZzkATG_Rg&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjx0ZP8irDpAhXTdd4KHdfhDwcQ6AEwA3oECAMQAQ 힌두교: 여래학술총서 3

[kk2007-6] KLOSTERMAIER, Klaus K. (2007). 《A Survey of Hinduism》. State University of New York Press; 3 edition. 204쪽. ISBN 0-7914-7081-4. Not only was Krsnaism influenced by the identification of Krsna with Vishnu, but also Vaishnavism as a whole was partly transformed and reinvented in the light of the popular and powerful Krishna religion. Bhagavatism may have brought an element of cosmic religion into Krishna worship; Krishna has certainly brought a strongly human element into Bhagavatism. ... The center of Krishna-worship has been for a long time Brajbhumi, the district of Mathura that embraces also Vrindavana, Govardhana, and Gokula, associated with Krishna from the time immemorial. Many millions of Krishna bhaktas visit these places ever year and participate in the numerous festivals that reenact scenes from Krshnas life on Earth

[7] Sastri, K. a Nilakanta (1952). 《Age Of The Nandas And Mauryas》. 304-305쪽.

[Beck2005-8] Beck, G. (2005). “Krishna as Loving Husband of God”. 《Alternative Krishnas: Regional and Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity》. ISBN 978-0-7914-6415-1. 2008년 4월 28일에 확인함. Vishnu was by then assimilated with Narayana

[Hastings541-9] Hastings 2003

[IH224-10] 《Indian History》 (영어). Allied Publishers. 1988. A-224쪽. ISBN 978-81-8424-568-4.

[Sri97-11] Srinivasan, Doris (1997). 《Many heads, arms, and eyes: origin, meaning, and form of multiplicity in Indian art》. Leiden: Brill. 134쪽. ISBN 90-04-10758-4.

[12] Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam, 편집. 《India through the ages》. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 76쪽.

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