사용자:이원룡/번역실/유사투표
A straw poll or straw vote is a vote| with nonbinding results.
유사 투표(straw poll 또는 straw vote)는 결과 채택의 강제성이 없는 투표이다.
Straw polls provide important interactive dialogue among movements within large groups, reflecting trends like organization and motivation.[1][2] In meetings subject to rules of order, impromptu straw polls often are taken to see if there is enough support for an idea to devote more meeting time to it, and (when not a secret ballot) for the attendees to see who is on which side of a question. However, Robert's Rules of Order prohibits straw polls, calling them "meaningless and dilatory."[3] Among political bodies, straw polls often are scheduled for events at which many people interested in the polling question can be expected to vote. Sometimes polls conducted without ordinary voting controls in place (i.e., on an honor system, such as in online polls) are also called "straw polls".
The idiom may allude to a straw (thin plant stalk) held up to see in what direction the wind blows, in this case, the wind of group opinion.
이 용어는 straw(밀짚)이 바람이 부는 방향에 따라 날려갈 수 있다는, 즉 여론의 방향에 따라 가볍게 날라간다는 의미를 암시한다.
국제 정치학 International politics[편집]
Straw polls are used in the selection process of the United Nations Secretary-General before the actual (effective) vote.[출처 필요]
스트로 폴은 유엔 사무총장을 선출하는데 있어서, 실제 투표를 하기 전에 사용된다.[출처 필요]
미국 정치학 United States politics[편집]
A formal straw poll is common in American political caucuses.
공식적인 스트로 폴은 미국의 당원대회에서 통상 사용된다.
Such straw polls can be taken before selecting delegates and voting on resolutions.
당내에서 대표자들을 선출하거나, 의안에 대한 결정들을 하는 경우에 그 사전절차로, 스트로 폴이 실시된다.
The results of straw polls are taken by the media to influence delegates in caucus later (as well as delegates to political conventions), and thus serve as important precursors.
스트로 폴의 결과는 미디어를 통해 알려지며, 당원대회에 영향을 준다.
Straw polls are also scheduled informally by other organizations interested in the U.S. presidential election.
스트로폴은 미국 대통령 선거에 관심을 가진 다른 단체들에 의해서도 비공식적으로 날짜가 정해셔저 시행된다.
Well-known American straw polls include the Ames Straw Poll and the Texas Straw Poll, both conducted on behalf of the Republican Party.
Ames Straw Poll과 Texas Straw Poll가 잘 알려져 있는데, 이것은 미국 공화당에서 실시된다.
Being run by private organizations, they are not subject to public oversight or verifiability. However, they provide important interactive dialogue among movements within large groups, reflecting trends like organization and motivation.[1][2]
The Ames, straw poll has achieved a reputation as a meaningful straw poll during the presidential campaign because of its large voter turnout and relatively high media recognition, as well as Iowa's being the first state to vote in caucuses before the primaries.
대규모 투표자, 그리고 비교적 높은 언론 인지도 때문에, 그리고 아이오와주가 코커스에서 최초로 투표가 실시되는 주이기 떄문에, 아이오와주의 "에임스 스트로 폴"은 미국 대통령 선거에서 의미있는 스트로 폴로서 명성을 얻고 있다.
This poll was last conducted on 2007-08-11 with a $35 entry fee per voter. The Texas Straw Poll conducted on 2007-09-01 required voters to have been former delegates or alternate delegates.
최근에 실시된 에임스 스트로 폴은 2007년 8월 11일 실시되었다. 투표자는 35달러를 내고 투표할 수 있었다. 텍사스 스트로 폴은 2007년 9월 1일 마지막으로 실시되었다. 투표자는 former or alternate 대표들이었다.
다른 형태의 투표들 Other types of polls[편집]
Straw polls are contrasted with opinion polls, usually conducted by telephone and based on samples of the voting public.
스트로 폴은 샘플을 정해서, 대게 전화를 통해 실시되는 여론조사(opinion polls)와 대조된다.
Straw polls can also be contrasted with honor-system polls (such as online polls), in which ordinary voting controls are absent. In an ordinary event-based straw poll, controls common to elections are enforced: voting twice is prohibited; polls are not open for inordinately long periods of time; interim results are not publicized before polls close; etc. Honor-system polls may be conducted wholly online, conducted at one location over a period of months, conducted with interim results publicized, or even conducted with explicit permission to vote multiple times.
The meaning of results from the varying poll types is disputed. Opinion polls are generally conducted with statistical selection controls in place and are thus called "scientific", while straw polls and honor-system polls are conducted among self-selected populations and are called "unscientific". However, as predictors of poll results among larger populations (i.e., elections), each method has known flaws.
A margin of error is intrinsic in any subset polling method, and is a mathematical function of the difference in size between the subset and the larger population; sampling error is constant across different poll methods with the same sample sizes. Selection bias, nonresponse bias, or coverage bias occurs when the conditions for subset polling significantly differ from the conditions for the larger poll or election; event-based straw polls, where registration often closely mirrors voter registration, suffer less from nonresponse bias than opinion polls, where inclusion generally means owning a landline phone, being the party that answers the phone, being willing to answer the poll questions, and being a "likely voter" based on pollster criteria. Response bias occurs when respondents do not indicate their true beliefs, such as in bias due to intentional manipulation by respondents, haste, social pressure, or confusion; such biases may be present in any polling situation. Wording of questions may also inject bias, although this is more likely in a telephone setting than in an event-based ballot setting.
By relying on identity information, such as that publicly traceable to telephone numbers or voter registration addresses and that voluntarily provided by respondents such as age and gender, polls can be made more scientific. Straw polls may be improved by asking identity questions, tracing group-based trends, and publishing statistical studies of the data. Opinion polls may be improved by more closely mirroring the larger poll or election anticipated, such as in wording of questions and inclusion procedure. Honor-system polls may be improved by adding ordinary voting controls; for example, online polls may rely on established social-networking and identity providers for verification to minimize multiple voting.