킬로미터 매 시: 두 판 사이의 차이

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[[파일:Metric speedometer from a 1992 Euro-spec Passat B3.jpg|thumb|right|킬로미터 매 시간으로만 측정된 속력을 나타내는 자동차 [[속도계]]]]
[[파일:Metric speedometer from a 1992 Euro-spec Passat B3.jpg|thumb|right|킬로미터 매 시간으로만 측정된 속력을 나타내는 자동차 [[속도계]]]]
[[파일:Ford Mondeo MK3 ST220 - Speedometer.jpg|thumb|right|바깥쪽에 마일 매 시간(MPH)과 안쪽에 킬로미터 매 시간(km/h)으로 측정된 속력을 나타내는 미국의 자동차 속도계. 캐나다의 자동차 속도계에는 두 눈금의 위치가 바뀌어 있다.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://techinfo.honda.com/rjanisis/pubs/om/CV0505/CV0505O00060A.pdf |title=Maintenance Required Indicator |accessdate=4 August 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100125/https://techinfo.honda.com/rjanisis/pubs/om/CV0505/CV0505O00060A.pdf |archivedate= 4 March 2016 |df= }}</ref>]]
[[파일:Ford Mondeo MK3 ST220 - Speedometer.jpg|thumb|right|바깥쪽에 마일 매 시간(MPH)과 안쪽에 킬로미터 매 시간(km/h)으로 측정된 속력을 나타내는 미국의 자동차 속도계. 캐나다의 자동차 속도계에는 두 눈금의 위치가 바뀌어 있다.<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://techinfo.honda.com/rjanisis/pubs/om/CV0505/CV0505O00060A.pdf |title=Maintenance Required Indicator |accessdate=4 August 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100125/https://techinfo.honda.com/rjanisis/pubs/om/CV0505/CV0505O00060A.pdf |archivedate= 4 March 2016 |df= }}</ref>]]


'''[[킬로미터]] 매 [[시간 (단위)|시간]]''' 또는 '''시속 킬로미터'''(時速-, {{llang|en|kilometre per hour}})는 1[[시간 (단위)|시간]] 동안 [[운동 (물리학)|운동]]한 [[킬로미터]] 수로 표현하는 [[속력]]([[스칼라]])과 [[속도]]([[벡터 (물리)|벡터]])의 [[측정 단위]]이다. [[국제 단위계]]에서 정한 기호는 '''km/h''' 또는 '''km·h<sup>−1</sup>''' 또는 '''km h<sup>−1</sup>'''이다. 가끔 [[영어]] 명칭인 'Kilometre per hour'의 [[준말|약자]]로 kph 또는 KPH를 쓰기도 하지만 이는 표준이 아니다.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.us-metric.org/correct-si-metric-usage/|title=Correct SI-metric usage|author=|date=|website=www.us-metric.org|accessdate=20 March 2018}}</ref><ref>http://ukma.org.uk/docs/ukma-style-guide.pdf</ref> 세계적으로 자동차 [[속도계]]와 [[교통 표지]]에 가장 흔하게 사용되는 속력의 단위이다. 정의에 의하면 1&nbsp;km/h의 속도로 운동하는 물체는 1시간 동안 1&nbsp;킬로미터를 움직인다.
'''[[킬로미터]] 매 [[시간 (단위)|시간]]''' 또는 '''시속 킬로미터'''(時速-, {{llang|en|kilometre per hour}})는 1[[시간 (단위)|시간]] 동안 [[운동 (물리학)|운동]]한 [[킬로미터]] 수로 표현하는 [[속력]]([[스칼라]])과 [[속도]]([[벡터 (물리)|벡터]])의 [[측정 단위]]이다. [[국제 단위계]]에서 정한 기호는 '''km/h''' 또는 '''km·h<sup>−1</sup>''' 또는 '''km h<sup>−1</sup>'''이다. 가끔 [[영어]] 명칭인 'Kilometre per hour'의 [[준말|약자]]로 kph 또는 KPH를 쓰기도 하지만 이는 표준이 아니다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.us-metric.org/correct-si-metric-usage/|title=Correct SI-metric usage|author=|date=|website=www.us-metric.org|accessdate=20 March 2018}}</ref><ref>http://ukma.org.uk/docs/ukma-style-guide.pdf</ref> 세계적으로 자동차 [[속도계]]와 [[교통 표지]]에 가장 흔하게 사용되는 속력의 단위이다. 정의에 의하면 1&nbsp;km/h의 속도로 운동하는 물체는 1시간 동안 1&nbsp;킬로미터를 움직인다.


== 표기 역사 ==
== 표기 역사 ==
9번째 줄: 9번째 줄:
=== 약자 ===
=== 약자 ===
"킬로미터 매 시간"의 약자는 19세기 말까지 영어에 등장하지 않았다.
"킬로미터 매 시간"의 약자는 19세기 말까지 영어에 등장하지 않았다.
[[길이]]의 단위인 [[킬로미터]]는 1810년에 처음으로 영어에 등장하였다.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/103403 |title=The Oxford English Dictionary |accessdate=13 July 2012}}</ref><!--<ref name="OED">{{cite book |title=The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1971 |pages=695}}</ref>--> 그리고 속력의 단위인 "킬로미터 매 시간"은 1866년에 미국에서 사용되었다.<ref>{{cite book |title=Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts |publisher=Franklin Institute |last=Frazer |first=John F. |date=November 1866 |location=Philadelphia |pages=314 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kKIqAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA314&lpg=PA314&dq=%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=Osx40Oy1Na&sig=RQHVQQeN1oWkgnlX5rgjd6kowpM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pET-T47dJ6782gWCxPnKDw&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |volume=LII |number=5}}</ref> "킬로미터 매 시간"은 오랫동안 약자로 쓰지 않다가 비슷한 시기에 다양한 약자가 생겼다.
[[길이]]의 단위인 [[킬로미터]]는 1810년에 처음으로 영어에 등장하였다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/103403 |title=The Oxford English Dictionary |accessdate=13 July 2012}}</ref><!--<ref name="OED">{{서적 인용|title=The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1971 |pages=695}}</ref>--> 그리고 속력의 단위인 "킬로미터 매 시간"은 1866년에 미국에서 사용되었다.<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts |publisher=Franklin Institute |last=Frazer |first=John F. |date=November 1866 |location=Philadelphia |pages=314 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kKIqAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA314&lpg=PA314&dq=%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=Osx40Oy1Na&sig=RQHVQQeN1oWkgnlX5rgjd6kowpM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pET-T47dJ6782gWCxPnKDw&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |volume=LII |number=5}}</ref> "킬로미터 매 시간"은 오랫동안 약자로 쓰지 않다가 비슷한 시기에 다양한 약자가 생겼다.


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* 1889년: "k. p. h."<ref>{{cite book |title=American meteorological journal: A monthly review of meteorology, medical climatology and geography |publisher=Meteorological Journal Company |last1=Harrington |first1=Mark W. |last2=Rotch |first2=A. Lawrence |last3=Herdman |first3=W. J. |date=May 1889 |pages=226 |volume=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0MEWAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA226&lpg=PA226&dq=%22km/h%22+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=9dJuM0-Tv3&sig=6Obk_ZTGNarHWdyvAFRn-2eNgTs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bkf-T9CxD8aI2gWA2fjHDw&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fh%22%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false}}</ref>
* 1889년: "k. p. h."<ref>{{서적 인용|title=American meteorological journal: A monthly review of meteorology, medical climatology and geography |publisher=Meteorological Journal Company |last1=Harrington |first1=Mark W. |last2=Rotch |first2=A. Lawrence |last3=Herdman |first3=W. J. |date=May 1889 |pages=226 |volume=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0MEWAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA226&lpg=PA226&dq=%22km/h%22+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=9dJuM0-Tv3&sig=6Obk_ZTGNarHWdyvAFRn-2eNgTs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bkf-T9CxD8aI2gWA2fjHDw&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fh%22%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false}}</ref>
* 1895년: "km:h"<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I4hNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=%22km/h%22+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=WOqqVpscAB&sig=kue4ZLNbowkAqYytFDDV3fsx6wg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=00n-T7zXH6WO2QXKy4jqDw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fh%22%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Power consumed on electric railways |journal=The Street Railway Journal |date=February 1895 |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=116–117}}</ref>
* 1895년: "km:h"<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I4hNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=%22km/h%22+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=WOqqVpscAB&sig=kue4ZLNbowkAqYytFDDV3fsx6wg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=00n-T7zXH6WO2QXKy4jqDw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fh%22%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Power consumed on electric railways |journal=The Street Railway Journal |date=February 1895 |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=116–117}}</ref>
* 1898년: "km/h"<ref>{{cite book |title=Bulletin – United States Geological Survey, Volumes 151–152 |publisher=USGS |year=1898 |pages=ix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgwlAQAAIAAJ&q=%22km/h%22+kilometer&dq=%22km/h%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=SQVFIN5ctK&sig=Hptqzifz899z3Q2rTwQC6fhX2hE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jFD-T7i3D8y02AXjy5XMBA&ved=0CEcQ6AEwAg}}</ref>
* 1898년: "km/h"<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Bulletin – United States Geological Survey, Volumes 151–152 |publisher=USGS |year=1898 |pages=ix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgwlAQAAIAAJ&q=%22km/h%22+kilometer&dq=%22km/h%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=SQVFIN5ctK&sig=Hptqzifz899z3Q2rTwQC6fhX2hE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jFD-T7i3D8y02AXjy5XMBA&ved=0CEcQ6AEwAg}}</ref>
* 1899년: "km./hr." <ref>{{cite journal |title=The Stability of the Motion of a Bicycle |last=Whipple |first=F. J. W. |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics |year=1899 |volume=30 |pages=342}}</ref>
* 1899년: "km./hr." <ref>{{저널 인용|title=The Stability of the Motion of a Bicycle |last=Whipple |first=F. J. W. |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics |year=1899 |volume=30 |pages=342}}</ref>
* 1900년: "kms./hr."<ref>{{cite book |title=The Theory of the Trace: Being a Discussion of the Principles of Location |last=Launhardt |first=Wilhelm |publisher=Lawrence Asylum Press |location=Madras |year=1900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KkaXPI_aekoC}}</ref>
* 1900년: "kms./hr."<ref>{{서적 인용|title=The Theory of the Trace: Being a Discussion of the Principles of Location |last=Launhardt |first=Wilhelm |publisher=Lawrence Asylum Press |location=Madras |year=1900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KkaXPI_aekoC}}</ref>
* 1902년: "k.m.p.h."<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DB3nAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA207 |journal=The Railway Engineer |volume=23 |editor1-last=Saunders |editor1-first=Lawrence |editor2-last=Blundstone |editor2-first=S. R. |page=207 |date=July 1902 |title=The Electric Problem of Railways |last=Swinburne |first=J}}</ref>
* 1902년: "k.m.p.h."<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DB3nAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA207 |journal=The Railway Engineer |volume=23 |editor1-last=Saunders |editor1-first=Lawrence |editor2-last=Blundstone |editor2-first=S. R. |page=207 |date=July 1902 |title=The Electric Problem of Railways |last=Swinburne |first=J}}</ref>
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* 1903년: "KMph."<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0s1AQAAMAAJ |title=Observations Made at the Royal Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory at Batavia |last=Figee |first=S. |publisher=Government of Netherlands East India |year=1903 |volume=24 |page=196}}</ref>
* 1903년: "KMph."<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0s1AQAAMAAJ |title=Observations Made at the Royal Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory at Batavia |last=Figee |first=S. |publisher=Government of Netherlands East India |year=1903 |volume=24 |page=196}}</ref>
* 1910년: "km ph"<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CXg5AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR19 |title=Electric Trains |last=Hobart |first=H. M. |publisher=D. Van Nostrand Company |location=New York |year=1910 |page=xix}}</ref>
* 1910년: "km ph"<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CXg5AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR19 |title=Electric Trains |last=Hobart |first=H. M. |publisher=D. Van Nostrand Company |location=New York |year=1910 |page=xix}}</ref>
* 1911년: "K.P.H."<ref>{{cite journal |title=Foreign Notes on Aviation |last=Ball |first=Jack |journal=Town & Country |date=August 1911 |pages=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1xhUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=%22kph%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=qcyTcMQkdk&sig=HK14YIxFmt8UBcobLENErN0glHE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HFn-T_P8KMqe2wX1gv3lBA&sqi=2&ved=0CF4Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22kph%22%20kilometer&f=false}}</ref>
* 1911년: "K.P.H."<ref>{{저널 인용|title=Foreign Notes on Aviation |last=Ball |first=Jack |journal=Town & Country |date=August 1911 |pages=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1xhUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=%22kph%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=qcyTcMQkdk&sig=HK14YIxFmt8UBcobLENErN0glHE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HFn-T_P8KMqe2wX1gv3lBA&sqi=2&ved=0CF4Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22kph%22%20kilometer&f=false}}</ref>
* 1914년: "km. hr."<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x9pQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1141&lpg=PA1141&dq=%22km/hr%22&source=bl&ots=4eohj9q92V&sig=phERDBIQUn5Mtf2UFGR4INs80Pk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Cbr_T4S_OofI2gW6tMWxBA&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fhr%22&f=false |title=A Review of Some European Electric Locomotive Designs |last=Dodd |first=S. T. |journal=General Electric Review |date=January 1914 |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=1141}}</ref>
* 1914년: "km. hr."<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x9pQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1141&lpg=PA1141&dq=%22km/hr%22&source=bl&ots=4eohj9q92V&sig=phERDBIQUn5Mtf2UFGR4INs80Pk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Cbr_T4S_OofI2gW6tMWxBA&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22km%2Fhr%22&f=false |title=A Review of Some European Electric Locomotive Designs |last=Dodd |first=S. T. |journal=General Electric Review |date=January 1914 |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=1141}}</ref>
* 1915년: "km/hour"<ref name="Automobile1915">{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxVaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA710&lpg=PA710&dq=kph+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=oSV9840is5&sig=232C8QxgvKlEgItPZ3_fkfLywHQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5pz_T-7WD8y8qAGkhPSdBw&ved=0CEwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=kph%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Data on Mixed Motor Fuels of Interest for American Export Trade |journal=The Automobile |date=October 1915 |volume=33 |issue=15 |pages=709}}</ref>
* 1915년: "km/hour"<ref name="Automobile1915">{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxVaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA710&lpg=PA710&dq=kph+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=oSV9840is5&sig=232C8QxgvKlEgItPZ3_fkfLywHQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5pz_T-7WD8y8qAGkhPSdBw&ved=0CEwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=kph%20%22kilometers%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Data on Mixed Motor Fuels of Interest for American Export Trade |journal=The Automobile |date=October 1915 |volume=33 |issue=15 |pages=709}}</ref>
* 1915년: "km.-hr."<ref name="Automobile1915" />
* 1915년: "km.-hr."<ref name="Automobile1915" />
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* 1916년: "km. per hour"<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O-MfAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA560&lpg=PA560&dq=kph+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=K_KMl6h4LJ&sig=3OPTvJsQMzVNZRNHfSL0AahG6KE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5pz_T-7WD8y8qAGkhPSdBw&ved=0CFcQ6AEwBg#v=snippet&q=%22km.%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Tractive resistance tests with an electric motor truck |journal=Engineering and Contracting |date=December 1916 |volume=46 |issue=25 |pages=560}}</ref>
* 1916년: "km. per hour"<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O-MfAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA560&lpg=PA560&dq=kph+%22kilometers+per+hour%22&source=bl&ots=K_KMl6h4LJ&sig=3OPTvJsQMzVNZRNHfSL0AahG6KE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5pz_T-7WD8y8qAGkhPSdBw&ved=0CFcQ6AEwBg#v=snippet&q=%22km.%20per%20hour%22&f=false |title=Tractive resistance tests with an electric motor truck |journal=Engineering and Contracting |date=December 1916 |volume=46 |issue=25 |pages=560}}</ref>
* 1921년: "kms/hr."<ref>{{cite book |title=Meteorological Report for the Year [1916?] |publisher=Ministry of Public Works, Egypt |page=xvii |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=9iOmUv2oNcqiyAHCoIHYBA |year=1921 |first=Maṣlaḥat al-Arṣād |last=al-Jawwīyah}}</ref>
* 1921년: "kms/hr."<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Meteorological Report for the Year [1916?] |publisher=Ministry of Public Works, Egypt |page=xvii |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=9iOmUv2oNcqiyAHCoIHYBA |year=1921 |first=Maṣlaḥat al-Arṣād |last=al-Jawwīyah}}</ref>
* 1922년: "Kmph"<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRU6AQAAMAAJ |journal=Railway Electrical Engineer |volume=13 |page=392 |title=French Railway Begins Electrification Program |last1=Candee |first1=A. H. |last2=Lynde |first2=L. E. |publisher=Simmons Boardman |year=1922}}</ref>
* 1922년: "Kmph"<ref>{{저널 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRU6AQAAMAAJ |journal=Railway Electrical Engineer |volume=13 |page=392 |title=French Railway Begins Electrification Program |last1=Candee |first1=A. H. |last2=Lynde |first2=L. E. |publisher=Simmons Boardman |year=1922}}</ref>
* 1927년: "kmph."<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5lTAAAAMAAJ |title=Pressure Airships |last=Blakemore |first=Thos. L. |year=1927 |page=230 |publisher=Ronald Press}}</ref>
* 1927년: "kmph."<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5lTAAAAMAAJ |title=Pressure Airships |last=Blakemore |first=Thos. L. |year=1927 |page=230 |publisher=Ronald Press}}</ref>
* 1933년: "KPH"<ref>{{cite book |title=Aircraft Year Book |publisher=Aerospace Industries Association of America, Manufacturers Aircraft Association, Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce of America |year=1933 |pages=391–393 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39cEAAAAMAAJ&q=%22kph%22+kilometer&dq=%22kph%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=PyQ0_6UZCq&sig=8O5rmhK8Yjut3p0RsSoU3WItHPo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tln-T9WMNsi-2gWfk6zcBA&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAQ |volume=15}}</ref>
* 1933년: "KPH"<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Aircraft Year Book |publisher=Aerospace Industries Association of America, Manufacturers Aircraft Association, Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce of America |year=1933 |pages=391–393 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39cEAAAAMAAJ&q=%22kph%22+kilometer&dq=%22kph%22+kilometer&source=bl&ots=PyQ0_6UZCq&sig=8O5rmhK8Yjut3p0RsSoU3WItHPo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tln-T9WMNsi-2gWfk6zcBA&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAQ |volume=15}}</ref>
* 1939년: "kmph"<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWYjAQAAMAAJ |title=Bulletin |publisher=Central Electric Railfans' Association |year=1939 |page=cxii}}</ref>
* 1939년: "kmph"<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWYjAQAAMAAJ |title=Bulletin |publisher=Central Electric Railfans' Association |year=1939 |page=cxii}}</ref>
|}
|}
<!-- to be added
<!-- to be added
* ????: "km/hr"
* ????: "km/hr"
* ????: "KMHR"
* ????: "KMHR"
* 1940: "KMPH"<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uA5LAAAAMAAJ |title=Electric Transportation |last=Thompson |first=Francis R. |year=1940 |page=165 }}</ref>
* 1940: "KMPH"<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uA5LAAAAMAAJ |title=Electric Transportation |last=Thompson |first=Francis R. |year=1940 |page=165 }}</ref>
-->
-->


2018년 4월 13일 (금) 10:04 판

킬로미터 매 시간으로만 측정된 속력을 나타내는 자동차 속도계
바깥쪽에 마일 매 시간(MPH)과 안쪽에 킬로미터 매 시간(km/h)으로 측정된 속력을 나타내는 미국의 자동차 속도계. 캐나다의 자동차 속도계에는 두 눈금의 위치가 바뀌어 있다.[1]

킬로미터 매 시간 또는 시속 킬로미터(時速-, 영어: kilometre per hour)는 1시간 동안 운동한 킬로미터 수로 표현하는 속력(스칼라)과 속도(벡터)의 측정 단위이다. 국제 단위계에서 정한 기호는 km/h 또는 km·h−1 또는 km h−1이다. 가끔 영어 명칭인 'Kilometre per hour'의 약자로 kph 또는 KPH를 쓰기도 하지만 이는 표준이 아니다.[2][3] 세계적으로 자동차 속도계와 교통 표지에 가장 흔하게 사용되는 속력의 단위이다. 정의에 의하면 1 km/h의 속도로 운동하는 물체는 1시간 동안 1 킬로미터를 움직인다.

표기 역사

"킬로미터 매 시간"를 나타내는 여러 말들은 그 용어가 소개되었을 때부터 사용되었고, 그중 대다수는 현재에도 여전히 사용되고 있다. 예를 들어 영어사전에는 영어 약자로 "km/h", "kmph", "km/hr"가 나열되어 있다. 기호로 분류되는 SI 표기는 "km/h", "km h−1", "km·h−1"이다.

약자

"킬로미터 매 시간"의 약자는 19세기 말까지 영어에 등장하지 않았다. 길이의 단위인 킬로미터는 1810년에 처음으로 영어에 등장하였다.[4] 그리고 속력의 단위인 "킬로미터 매 시간"은 1866년에 미국에서 사용되었다.[5] "킬로미터 매 시간"은 오랫동안 약자로 쓰지 않다가 비슷한 시기에 다양한 약자가 생겼다.

  • 1889년: "k. p. h."[6]
  • 1895년: "km:h"[7]
  • 1898년: "km/h"[8]
  • 1899년: "km./hr." [9]
  • 1900년: "kms./hr."[10]
  • 1902년: "k.m.p.h."[11]
  • 1903년: "KMph."[12]
  • 1910년: "km ph"[13]
  • 1911년: "K.P.H."[14]
  • 1914년: "km. hr."[15]
  • 1915년: "km/hour"[16]
  • 1915년: "km.-hr."[16]
  • 1916년: "km. per hour"[17]
  • 1921년: "kms/hr."[18]
  • 1922년: "Kmph"[19]
  • 1927년: "kmph."[20]
  • 1933년: "KPH"[21]
  • 1939년: "kmph"[22]

공식적으로 사용되는 다른 약자

변환

각주

  1. ↑ “Maintenance Required Indicator” (PDF). 4 March 2016에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 4 August 2011에 확인함. 
  2. ↑ “Correct SI-metric usage”. 《www.us-metric.org》. 2018년 3월 20일에 확인함. 
  3. ↑ http://ukma.org.uk/docs/ukma-style-guide.pdf
  4. ↑ “The Oxford English Dictionary”. 2012년 7월 13일에 확인함. 
  5. ↑ Frazer, John F. (November 1866). 《Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts》 LII. Philadelphia: Franklin Institute. 314쪽. 
  6. ↑ Harrington, Mark W.; Rotch, A. Lawrence; Herdman, W. J. (May 1889). 《American meteorological journal: A monthly review of meteorology, medical climatology and geography》 6. Meteorological Journal Company. 226쪽. 
  7. ↑ “Power consumed on electric railways”. 《The Street Railway Journal》 11 (2): 116–117. February 1895. 
  8. ↑ 《Bulletin – United States Geological Survey, Volumes 151–152》. USGS. 1898. ix쪽. 
  9. ↑ Whipple, F. J. W. (1899). “The Stability of the Motion of a Bicycle”. 《The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics》 30: 342. 
  10. ↑ Launhardt, Wilhelm (1900). 《The Theory of the Trace: Being a Discussion of the Principles of Location》. Madras: Lawrence Asylum Press. 
  11. ↑ Swinburne, J (July 1902). Saunders, Lawrence; Blundstone, S. R., 편집. “The Electric Problem of Railways”. 《The Railway Engineer》 23: 207. 
  12. ↑ Figee, S. (1903). 《Observations Made at the Royal Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory at Batavia》 24. Government of Netherlands East India. 196쪽. 
  13. ↑ Hobart, H. M. (1910). 《Electric Trains》. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. xix쪽. 
  14. ↑ Ball, Jack (August 1911). “Foreign Notes on Aviation”. 《Town & Country》: 26. 
  15. ↑ Dodd, S. T. (January 1914). “A Review of Some European Electric Locomotive Designs”. 《General Electric Review》 17 (1): 1141. 
  16. ↑ 가 나 “Data on Mixed Motor Fuels of Interest for American Export Trade”. 《The Automobile》 33 (15): 709. October 1915. 
  17. ↑ “Tractive resistance tests with an electric motor truck”. 《Engineering and Contracting》 46 (25): 560. December 1916. 
  18. ↑ al-Jawwīyah, Maṣlaḥat al-Arṣād (1921). 《Meteorological Report for the Year [1916?]》. Ministry of Public Works, Egypt. xvii쪽. 
  19. ↑ Candee, A. H.; Lynde, L. E. (1922). “French Railway Begins Electrification Program”. 《Railway Electrical Engineer》 (Simmons Boardman) 13: 392. 
  20. ↑ Blakemore, Thos. L. (1927). 《Pressure Airships》. Ronald Press. 230쪽. 
  21. ↑ 《Aircraft Year Book》 15. Aerospace Industries Association of America, Manufacturers Aircraft Association, Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce of America. 1933. 391–393쪽. 
  22. ↑ 《Bulletin》. Central Electric Railfans' Association. 1939. cxii쪽. 
이 글은 물리학에 관한 토막글입니다. 여러분의 지식으로 알차게 문서를 완성해 갑시다.
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