사용자:배우는사람/문서:위치 지도 지중해
카라이테 유대교(Karaite Judaism)[편집]
Karaite Judaism and Rabbinic Judaism[편집]
Most of the Modern Judaism streams developed from the Pharisee movement, which became known as Rabbinic Judaism (in Hebrew "Yahadut Rabanit" - יהדות רבנית) with the compilation of oral law into Mishna. After the destruction of the Second Temple and the Bar Kokhba revolt, the other movements disappear from historical records.
Those who did not agree with the Rabbinic oral law were later called by the name "Karaite Jews" (in Hebrew "Karaim" - קראים) - followers of the scriptures.
Historically, Karaite Judaism consisted of organized movements that did not accept the innovations of rabbinical Judaism and the authority of the Talmud and Exilarch after the Islamic conquest of the Middle East. In some of their older writings, the Karaites claim descent from the Sadducees. Karaism accepts only the Tanakh, not recognizing the Talmud and other rabbinical writings. In the 10th century, the Karaites are believed to have comprised about 10% of the world's Jewish population. At the time of the traveler Benjamin of Tudela in the 12th century, Karaites were widely dispersed around the eastern Mediterranean, both in Islamic areas and the Byzantine Empire. Benjamin describes Karaite communities in many of the places he visited.
In the early 20th century, small Karaite communities remained in Egypt, Turkey, the Crimea, and Lithuania. Today, there are about 30,000 Karaite Jews in the world, most of whom live in Israel. Traditionally, Rabbinic Judaism has regarded the Karaites as Jewish, but with a wrong philosophical understanding of the Torah.