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이형주/신 타이완 달러
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New Taiwan dollar
파일:Taiwan 100 nt.jpg A NT$100 note issued by Bank of Taiwan in February 1988. It was taken out of circulation on July 1, 2002, as it had been replaced by a new NT$100 note on July 2, 2001 issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of China.
정체자	新臺幣 or 新台幣
간체자	新台币
발음기호 표준중국어 병음 Xīntáibì 웨이드식 Hsint'aipi 광둥어 예일 로마자 Syin1tai2bi4 병음 Santoibai 민난어 민난어 백화자 Sin-tâi-pè

The New Taiwan dollar (중국어 간체자: 新台币, 정체자: 新臺幣 / 新台幣, 병음: Xīntáibì) or simply Taiwan dollar (臺幣 / 台幣), currency code TWD and common abbreviation NT$, is the official currency of Taiwan since 1949, when it replaced the Old Taiwan dollar. Originally issued by the Bank of Taiwan, it has been issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of China since 2000.

Etymology

The Chinese term for "New Taiwan Dollar" (新臺幣 or 新台幣, literally "New Taiwan Currency") typically is only used for banking and in legal contracts where it is necessary to avoid any possible ambiguity, or when talking about foreign exchange or other currencies. In common usage, the dollar unit is typically referred to as yuán. In Taiwan, the character for yuán can be written in either of two forms, an informal 元 or a formal 圓, both of which are interchangeable. Colloquial alternatives for the currency unit include the Mandarin kuài (塊), meaning "piece", and the Taiwanese Minnan kho͘ (箍 ; literally "circle"). In English usage the New Taiwan Dollar is often abbreviated as NT, NT$, NT Dollar or NTD, while the abbreviation TWD is typically used in the context of foreign exchange rates. Subdivisions of a New Taiwan Dollar are rarely used, since practically all products on the consumer market are being sold at whole dollars.

History

The New Taiwan dollar was first issued by the Bank of Taiwan on June 15, 1949, to replace the Old Taiwan dollar at a 40,000-to-1 ratio. The first goal of the New Taiwan dollar was to end the hyperinflation that had plagued Taiwan and Mainland China due to the Chinese civil war fought in mainland China. A few months later, the ROC government under the Kuomintang (KMT) was defeated by the Chinese communists and retreated to Taiwan.

Even though the Taiwan dollar was the de facto currency of Taiwan, for years the old Chinese Nationalist yuan was still the official national currency of Taiwan. The Chinese Nationalist yuan was also known as the fiat currency (法幣) or the silver yuán (銀元), even though it was decoupled from the value of silver during World War II. Many older statutes in ROC law have fines and fees denominated in this currency.

According to the Regulation of exchange rate between New Taiwan Dollars and the fiat currency in the ROC laws (現行法規所定貨幣單位折算新臺幣條例), the exchange rate is fixed at 3 TWD per 1 silver yuan and has never been changed despite decades of inflation. Despite the silver yuan being the primary legal tender currency, it was impossible to buy, sell, or use it, so it effectively did not exist to the public.

In July 2000, the New Taiwan dollar became the official currency of the Republic of China and is no longer secondary to the silver yuan. At the same time, the Central Bank of China (now known as the Central Bank of the Republic of China) began issuing New Taiwan dollar banknotes directly and the old notes issued by the Bank of Taiwan were taken out of circulation.

In the history of the currency, the exchange rate as compared to the United States dollar (USD) has varied from less than 10 TWD per USD in the mid-1950s to more than 40 TWD per 1 USD in the 1960s and about 25 TWD per 1 USD around 1992. The exchange rate as of November 2012 sits around 29.2 TWD per 1 USD.

Coins

The denominations of the Taiwan dollar in circulation are

Currently Circulating Coins
Image	Value	Technical parameters			Description		Date of
		Diameter	Weight	Composition	Obverse	Reverse	first minting	issue
	NT$½	18 mm	3 g	97% copper 2.5% zinc 0.5% tin	Mei Blossom, "中華民國XX年"1	Value	1981 (Minguo year 70)	December 8, 1981
	NT$1	20 mm	3.8 g	92% copper 6% nickel 2% aluminium	Chiang Kai-shek, "中華民國XX年"			December 8, 1981
NT$5	NT$5	22 mm	4.4 g	Cupronickel 75% copper 25% nickel	Chiang Kai-shek, "中華民國XX年"	Value	1981 (Minguo year 70)	December 8, 1981
	NT$10	26 mm	7.5 g					December 8, 1981
NT$20	NT$20	26.85 mm	8.5 g	Ring: Aluminium bronze (as $50) Center: Cupronickel (as $10)	Mona Rudao, "莫那魯道"2, "中華民國XX年"	Traditional canoes used by the Tao people	2001 (Minguo year 90)	July 9, 2001
NT$50	NT$50	28 mm	10 g	Aluminium bronze 92% copper 6% aluminium 2% nickel	Sun Yat-sen, "中華民國XX年"	Latent images of both Chinese and Arabic numerals for 50	2002 (Minguo year 91)	April 26, 2002
틀:Standard coin table notice

Coins are minted by the Central Mint of China, while notes are printed by the China Engraving and Printing Works. Both are run by the Central Bank of the Republic of China. The NT$½ coin is rare because of its low value, while the NT$20 coin is rare because of the government's lack of willingness to promote it. As of 2010, the cost of the raw materials in a NT$½ coin is worth more than the face value of the coin.

Remarks

1. "中華民國XX年" = "Minguo XX". "中華民國" is also the state title "Republic of China".
2. "莫那魯道" = "Mona Rudao", anti-Japanese leader at the Wushe Incident.

Banknotes

 이 부분의 본문은 Fifth series of the New Taiwan Dollar banknote입니다.

The current series of banknotes for the New Taiwan Dollar began circulation in July 2000. This set was introduced when the New Taiwan Dollar succeeded the silver yuan as the official currency within Taiwan.

The current set includes banknotes for NT$100, NT$200, NT$500, NT$1000, and NT$2000. Note that the NT$200 and NT$2000 banknotes are not commonly used by consumers. This may be due to the tendencies of consumers to simply use multiple NT$100 or NT$500 bills to cover the range of the NT$200, as well as using NT$1000 bills or credit/debit cards instead of the NT$2000 bill. Lack of government promotion may also be a contributing factor to the general lack of usage.

It is relatively easy for the government to disseminate these denominations through various government bodies that do official business with the citizens, such as the post office, the tax authority, or state owned banks. There is also a conspiracy theory against the Democratic Progressive Party, the ruling party at the time the two denominations were issued. The conspiracy states that putting Chiang Kai-shek on a rarely used banknote would "practically" remove him from the currency, while "nominally" including him on the currency would not upset supporters on the other side of the political spectrum that much (the Pan-Blue Coalition).

1999 Series
Image	Value	Dimensions	Main Color	Description			Date of			Remark
				Obverse	Reverse	Watermark	printing	issue	withdrawal
	NT$100	145 × 70 mm	Red	Sun Yat-sen, "The Chapter of Great Harmony" by Confucius	Chung-Shan Building	Mei flower and numeral 100	2000 (Minguo 89)	July 2, 2001
	NT$200	150 × 70 mm	Green	Chiang Kai-shek, theme of land reform and public education	The Office of the President	Orchid and numeral 200	2001 (Minguo year 90)	January 2, 2002
	NT$500	155 × 70 mm	Brown	Youth baseball	Formosan Sika Deer and Dabajian Mountain	Bamboo and numeral 500	2000 (Minguo year 89)	December 15, 2000	August 1, 2007	without holographic strip
			Dark brown				2004 (Minguo 93)	July 20, 2005		with holographic strip
	NT$1000	160 × 70 mm	Blue	Elementary Education (errors)	Mikado Pheasant and Yushan (Jade Mountain)	Chrysanthemum and numeral 1000	1999 (Minguo year 88)	July 3, 2000	August 1, 2007	without holographic strip
							2004 (Minguo year 93)	July 20, 2005		with holographic strip
	NT$2000	165 × 70 mm	Purple	FORMOSAT-1, technology	Formosan landlocked salmon and Nanhu Mountain	Pine and numeral 2000	2001 (Minguo year 90)	July 1, 2002
틀:Standard banknote table notice

The year 2000 version $500 and 1999 version $1000 notes without holographic strip were officially taken out of circulation on August 1, 2007. They were redeemable at commercial banks until September 30, 2007. As of October 1, 2007, only the Bank of Taiwan accepts such notes.

Taiwan 100-dollar commemorative note

NT$100_20110106
On 6 January 2011, the Central Bank of the Republic of China issued a new 100-dollar legal tender circulating commemorative in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Republic of China. The red paper note measures 145 × 70 mm and features a portrait of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen on the front, and the Chung-Shan Building on the back. The design is no different from the ordinary NT$100 note, except for the wording in Chinese language in the reverse of the note, which reads: “Celebrating the 100 years of founding of the Republic of China.”

See also

• Economy of Taiwan
• Taxation in Taiwan
• Old Taiwan dollar
• History of the Republic of China

External links

• 틀:Zh icon 틀:En icon SinoBanknote
• Virginia Sheng, "Notes from a Small Island", Taipei Review, September 1, 2000
• The Taiwanese hyperinflation and stabilization of 1945 - 1952
• Banknotes of Matsu, Quemoy and Tachen
• Close up image of a circulated 50 NT coin
• The Central Bank of the Republic of China page showcasing all obsolete issues of the New Taiwan dollar in all denominations

News

• Chuang Chi-ting, "Legislator pans new bank notes", Taipei Times, February 17, 2001
• New NT$500 and NT$1000 banknotes introduced, anti-counterfeit measures taken [1] Taiwan News (online), July 20, 2005

전임: Old Taiwan dollar 이유: inflation 비율: 1 new dollar = 40,000 old dollars

Taiwan의 통화 1949 – 참고: After the communists took over most of Mainland China, the government of the Republic of China controlled only Taiwan and some offshore islands.

후임: 현재