사용자:Epicaxas/J Dilla

J Dilla
기본 정보
본명	James Dewitt Yancey
예명	Jay Dee, J Dilla, Dilla Dawg
출생	1974년 2월 7일(1974-02-07)(-3980세)
사망	2006년 2월 10일(2006-02-10)(32세)
직업	음악 프로듀서, 랩퍼, DJ
장르	힙합, 네오 소울
활동 시기	1991년 ~ 2006년
악기	턴테이블, 샘플러, 드럼 머신, 키보드, 베이스 기타, 드럼
레이블	딜리셔스 바이닐, BBE, MCA, 스톤즈 스로
웹사이트	www.stonesthrow.com/jdilla

제이 딜라 (J Dilla, James Dewitt Yancey, 1974년 2월 7일 – 2006년 2월 10일),는 미국의 유명한 힙합 프로듀서이다. J Dilla라는 예명과 함께 Jay Dee라 불리기도 한다. 그는 힙합계에서 가장 영향력있는 아티스트 중 한명이었으며, 데 라 소울, 버스타 라임즈, 커먼 등과도 작업을 함께 한 바 있다. 그래미 상 후보에 오르기도 했다.

딜라의 커리어는 천천히 시작되었지만, 커먼, 버스타 라임즈, A Tribe Called Quest같은 아티스트들의 앨범을 프로듀스하면서 큰 지지를 얻게 되었다. 그는 슬럼 빌리지의 멤버였으며 대단한 호평을 받은 그들의 데뷔 앨범 Fantastic, Vol. 1과 그 후속 앨범 Fantastic, Vol. 2를 모두 프로듀스하기도 했다.

2000년대 초반에 딜라는 솔로 아티스트로서 독립하여 활동하기 시작했다. Welcome 2 Detroit가 그의 솔로 데뷔 엘범이었고, 곧 캘리포니아 프로듀서 매들립과 함께한 콜라보 앨범 Champion Sound도 제작하여 호평을 얻었다. 그렇게 시간이 흐르며 그의 음악적 재능이 큰 관심을 받기 시작하던 2006년, 그는 혈액 질병인 혈전성 혈소판감소성자반증으로 인해 세상을 떠났다.

그의 죽음 이후에 힙합 커뮤니티는 제이 딜라의 음악과 이미지를 끊임없이 되새겼다. 딜라와 함께 일했던 많은 아티스트들은 그를 기리는 곡들을 제작했고, 수많은 딜라 팬들은 딜라에 대한 지지와 관심을 소리 높여 밝혔다. 딜라의 음악은 그의 죽음 이후에 리스너들 사이에서 더 많이 회자되고 재조명 받았으며, 미디어의 관심도 더 많이 이끌어냈다. 그의 유작들이 담긴 앨범이 다수 발매되거나 발매가 계획되어 있음에도 불구하고, 방대한 양의 유작은 아직도 얼마나 남아있는지 자세히 알려지지 않고 있다. 그의 남겨진 재산이 얼마인지도 불분명하다.

바이오그래피

유년기

제이 딜라는 사남매 중 둘째 아들로 태어났다. 막내 동생 죠니는 나중에 그와 마찬가지로 일라 제이라는 이름으로 랩퍼와 프로듀서로 활동하게 되었다. 그의 가족은 디트로이트 부터 7마일 정도 떨어진 맥도걸과 동부 네바다에 위치한 집에 살았다. 그는 전직 오페라 가수였던 어머니와 재즈 베이시스트였던 아버지 밑에서 자라 방대한 음악적 지식을 어렸을 적부터 쌓았다. 그는 100일이 채 안되었을 때부터 화음의 음 높이를 정확히 맞추기 시작하여 음악가 친구들과 친척들을 깜짝 놀라게 했다고 그의 어머니는 증언한다. 딜라는 두살 때부터 레코드를 수집하기 시작했고, 공원에서 그 음반들을 돌려가며 듣는 것을 매우 즐거워했다.

다양한 장르의 음악을 광범위하게 들으면서도, 어린 딜라는 특별히 힙합 음악에 대한 열정을 키워갔고 퍼싱고등학교 친구인 T3 (R.L. Altman), 바틴 (Titus Glover)과 함께 슬럼 빌리지라는 그룹을 결성했다. 그는 또한 그는 간단한 카세트 테이프 녹음기를 사용하여 비트를 만들기도 했다. 10대 기간 동안 그는 그의 방대한 레코드 수집품들을 이용하여 완벽한 비트를 만드느라 혼자 지하실에 틀어박혀 지내는 시간이 대부분이었다. 그는 나중에 피트 락에게 "나는 당신같은 사람이 되고 싶었던 거예요."라고 말했다.

활동 초기

1992년에 그는 디트로이트 출신 뮤지션 앰프 피들러를 만나게 되었고, 피들러는 딜라가 그렇게 제한된 장비만으로 굉장한 음악을 만들어내는 것에 감동했다. 피들러는 딜라에게 자신의 MPC를 사용할 수 있도록 허락해주었고, 딜라는 사용법을 빠르게 익혔다. 1995년에는 딜라는 MC 팻 캣과 함께 1st Down이라는 그룹을 결성했고, 디트로이트 힙합 그룹 중 처음으로 메이저 레이블인 페이데이 레코드(Payday Records)와 계약 하는 성과를 이뤘으나 싱글 한 장만이 나온 상태에서 회사가 문을 닫게 되었다. 같은 해 그는 프루프가 속한 그룹 5 Elementz와 함께 'Yesteryearz' 앨범을 작업하기도 했다.

1990년대 중반 즈음 딜라는 자넷 잭슨, 파사이드, 데 라 소울, 버스타 라임즈, A Tribe Called Quest, 큐팁 등의 앨범에 다양한 싱글과 리믹스를 담아냄으로써 힙합 신의 큰 주목을 받기 시작했다. 이러한 작업물 중 대부분은 그의 이름이 아니라 큐팁과 ATCQ의 알리 샤히드 무하마드, 라파엘 사딕과 함께 결성한 프로덕션 그룹 더 움마의 이름을 달고 나왔다. 이 우산과도 같았던 그룹 아래서 딜라는 자넷 잭슨, 버스타 라임즈, 브랜드 뉴 히비스, 섬싱 포 피플 등과 같은 아티스트들의 곡을 재해석하고 리믹스하며 많은 우수한 작업물을 남겼다. This all came off the heels of Jay handling the majority of production on The Pharcyde's album Labcabincalifornia, released in the holiday season of 1995. Jay Dee's largest-scale feat came in 1997 when he produced Janet Jackson's Grammy winning single "Got 'til It's Gone" from The Velvet Rope. The song-writing credit and subsequent Grammy were both given to Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis.

Performing career

2000 marked the major label debut of Slum Village with Fantastic, Vol. 2, creating a new following for Jay Dee as a producer and an MC. He was also a founding member of the production collective known as The Soulquarians (along with Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson, D'Angelo and James Poyser amongst others) which earned him more recognition and buzz. He subsequently worked with Erykah Badu, Talib Kweli, and Common - contributing heavily to the latter's critically acclaimed breakthrough album, Like Water for Chocolate.

His debut as a solo artist came in 2001 with the single "Fuck the Police", followed by the album Welcome 2 Detroit, which kicked off U.K. Independent record label BBE's "Beat Generation" series. In 2001, Jay Dee, began using the name "J Dilla" (an attempt to differentiate himself from Jermaine Dupri who also goes by "J.D."), and left Slum Village to pursue a major label solo career with MCA Records.

2002 saw Dilla producing the entirety of Frank-N-Dank's 48 Hours, as well as a solo album, but neither record was ever released, although the former did eventually surface through bootlegging. When Dilla finished working with Frank-N-Dank on the 48 Hours album, MCA Records requested a record with a larger commercial appeal, and the artists re-recorded the majority of the tracks, this time using little to no samples. Despite this, neither versions of the album saw the light of day, and Dilla expressed he was disappointed that the music never got out to the fans.

Dilla was signed to a solo deal with MCA Records in 2002 and completed an album in 2003. Although Dilla was known as a producer rather than an MC, he chose to rap on the album and have the music produced by some of his favorite producers such as Madlib, Pete Rock, Hi-Tek, Supa Dave West, Kanye West, Nottz, Waajeed, Quebo Kuntry (J.Benjamin) and others. The album was shelved due to internal changes at the label and MCA folding into Geffen Records. In a 2007 video interview, Dilla's friend DJ House Shoes alluded to the possibility of the MCA album finally seeing an official release through Stones Throw Records in the future. In April 2008, the album, called Pay Jay, began circulating. BBC Radio 1Xtra DJ Benji B played songs from it on his April 18 show, saying that the album is coming out, and people on the internet privately shared and discussed the album.

While the record with MCA stalled, Dilla recorded the uncompromising Ruff Draft, released exclusively to vinyl by German label Groove Attack. Although the album was little known, it signaled a change in sound and attitude, and his work from this point on was increasingly released through independent record labels. In a 2003 interview with Groove Attack, Dilla talked about this change of direction:

You know, if I had a choice, skip the major labels and just put it out yourself man... Trust me. I tell everybody it's better to do it yourself and let the Indies come after you instead of going in their [direction] and getting a deal and you have to wait, it ain't fun, take it from me. Right now, I'm on MCA but it feels like I'm an unsigned artist still. It's cool, it's a blessing, but damn I'm like, 'When's my shit gonna come out? I'm ready now, what's up?'

Later life

LA-based producer and MC Madlib began collaborating with J Dilla, and the pair formed the group Jaylib in 2002, releasing an album called Champion Sound in 2003. J Dilla relocated from Detroit to LA in 2004 and appeared on tour with Jaylib in Spring 2004.

J Dilla's illness and medication caused dramatic weight loss in 2003 onwards, forcing him to publicly confirm speculation about his health in 2004. Despite a slower output of major releases and production credits in 2004 and 2005, his cult status remained strong within his core audience, as evident by unauthorized circulation of his underground "beat tapes" (instrumental, and raw working materials), mostly through internet file sharing. Articles in publications URB (March 2004) and XXL (June 2005) confirmed rumors of ill health and hospitalization during this period, but these were downplayed by Jay himself. The seriousness of his condition became public in November 2005 when J Dilla toured Europe performing from a wheelchair. It was later revealed that he suffered from Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a rare blood disease, and possibly Lupus.

J Dilla died on February 10, 2006, three days after his 32nd birthday at his home in Los Angeles, California. According to his mother, Maureen Yancey, the cause was cardiac arrest. His last album, titled Donuts, was released 3 days earlier, on February 7, 2006.

Posthumous music

Upon his death, Dilla had several projects planned for future completion and release.

The Shining, "75% completed when Dilla died," was completed posthumously by Karriem Riggins and released on August 8, 2006 on BBE Records.

Ruff Draft was reissued as a double CD/LP set in March 2007 and is sometimes considered his third solo album. The reissue contains previously unreleased material from the Ruff Draft sessions and instrumentals. Most notably, it was also released in a cassette tape format, paying homage to Dilla's dirty, grimy sound (he was known for recording over two-tracked instrumentals).

Jay Love Japan was announced in 2005 as his debut release on the Operation Unknown label. The official release remains shrouded in mystery, as various legitimate and illegitimate versions of this mini-album can be bought online and in stores.

Champion Sound, J Dilla's and Madlib's collaborative album, was reissued in June 2007 by Stones Throw Records as a 2CD Deluxe Edition with instrumentals and b-sides.

He also produced three tracks on the 2007 Stones Throw Records 2K Sports NBA 2K8 soundtrack, B-Ball Zombie War.

Dillagence, a mixtape of previously unreleased tracks featuring Busta Rhymes over Dilla's production, was released in November 2007. Busta was one of Dilla's most passionate supporters; on the mixtape, Busta says that, although Dilla's name is not listed in every Busta album, he did in fact contribute to every solo Busta album. The compilation was made free for download from MickBoogie.com.

"Modern Day Gangstaz" (also known as "The Ugliest" and "Dangerous MCs"), a song produced by Dilla featuring vocals from The Notorious B.I.G., Busta Rhymes, and Labba, which originally appeared in its original form on a mixtape in the late '90s, eventually surfaced in full-length form in 2007. This version, however, is a cut-and-paste job using verses recorded for Biggie's posthumous Born Again album, for which a new beat was used from Nottz.

Pay Jay, the unreleased album that Dilla recorded for MCA Records, surfaced in bootleg form in 2008. Originally conceived as the album showcasing Dilla's skills on the microphone, the bootleg version contained production by Dilla as well as Kanye West, Waajeed, Bink!, Supa Dave West, Nottz, Questlove, Karriem Riggins, and Pete Rock.

In 2008, Q-Tip used one of Dilla's beats for his song Move off of The Renaissance.

Yancey Boys, by J Dilla's younger brother John Yancey, was released in 2008 on Delicious Vinyl Records. It is produced entirely by J Dilla and features rapping by his brother, under the name Illa J. Stones Throw Records released a digital instrumental version of the album in 2009.

Jay Stay Paid, or J$P, an album put together by Dilla's mother Ms. Yancey and his idol Pete Rock. It is composed of early work pulled from Dillas D.A.T.s as well as later music done during his time in the hospital. Though largely instrumental, it features appearances by Black Thought, Blu, Havoc, Illa J, Lil Fame of M.O.P., MF DOOM and Raekwon.

In 2009, Wu-Tang Clan member Raekwon also used Dilla beats for his songs "House of Flying Daggers", "Ason Jones", and "10 Bricks" which are all on his critically acclaimed album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx II.

Legacy

Ultimately, his death has had a significant impact on the hip hop community. Besides countless tribute tracks and concerts, Dilla's death created a wealth of interest in his remaining catalogue, and, consequently, Dilla's influence on hip hop production became more apparent.

Dave Chappelle gives a special dedication to J Dilla on his movie Dave Chappelle's Block Party, by stating "This film is dedicated to the life and memory of Music Producer J Dilla, aka Jay Dee (James D. Yancey)". The film focuses mostly on members of the Soulquarians, a collective of hip hop musicians of which Yancey was also a member.

In May 2006, J Dilla's mother announced the creation of "The J Dilla Foundation'", which will work to cure lupus.

J Dilla leaves behind two daughters.

In February 2007, a year after his death, J Dilla posthumously received the Plug Award's Artist of the Year as well as the award for Record Producer of the Year.

Despite these accolades, there have been documented conflicts between his mother and the executor of his estate Arthur Erik regarding future Dilla releases. In an interview with LA Weekly, Erik described how difficult it was for the estate to "protect his legacy" due to bootlegging and unofficial mixtapes. He stressed how important it was for the estate to gather all possible income related to Dilla's name, as Dilla had to borrow money from the government due to mounting medical bills at the end of his life.

A few weeks later Dilla's mother, who has appeared on such unofficial mixtapes such as Busta Rhymes' Dillagence, gave her take on these issues. In addition to stating that Arthur Erik and Dilla's estate has chosen not to communicate with his family, she has stated that he has barred anyone from use of Dilla's likeness or name .

One of the things Dilla wanted me to do with his legacy was to use it to help others, people with illness, kids who were musically gifted but had little hope due to poverty. I wanted to use my contacts to help people and out and it was squashed because we weren’t in compliance with the state and there was nothing we could do about it. I’m Dilla’s mother and I can’t use Dilla’s name or likeness, but I know that I still can honor him by doing his work.

Mrs. Yancey also has mentioned that Erik was in fact Dilla's accountant and not his business manager in his lifetime, and that he fell into his position because she and Dilla were first and foremost concerned about his health and not with getting paperwork in order . She also stated that Dilla's friends in the hip hop community, such as Erykah Badu, Busta Rhymes, Madlib, Common and The Roots, have contacted her personally for future projects with Dilla beats, but the estate has vetoed all future projects not contracted prior to Dilla's death. She also implied that Dilla would not support the estate's practices, such as their persecution of bootleggers and file sharers.

Dilla was about love in many formats and for his estate to have done the exact opposite is not having any respect for him or who he was.

Due to Dilla's debt to the government, the family receives no income from projects. Dilla's children are being supported by the social security their mothers have drawn. Likewise, Mrs. Yancey is also still paying off Dilla's medical bills that she helped finance, leaving her also in tremendous debt. She still lives in the same Detroit ghetto, is still a daycare worker at Conant Gardens and also suffers from lupus, the same disease which killed Dilla. To help pay the cost of medication and keep her household afloat, Delicious Vinyl donated all proceeds of Jay Dee - The Delicious Vinyl Years to Mrs. Yancey in 2007. In 2008, Giant Peach created a donation paypal account for her and RenSoul.com released a charity mixtape . Despite these actions, it would appear that little income has been generated, as Stones Throw has just released a charity t-shirt on its website .

In a recent article on the family's troubles in Vibe magazines, his mother revealed that the family lost their old home in Detroit due to her taking care of Dilla in his final days . The mother of one of Dilla's children, Monica Whitlow, also broke her silence on the issue of the estate and his legacy:

It pisses me off, everything that's going on with this estate. It's ridiculous 'cause it's been three years, and my baby has not seen anything from this estate.

J Dilla's music has also lived on through Cartoon Network's late night programing block, Adult Swim. His songs Waves, Welcome to the Show, and Mash are played in between shows, advertised as "bumps."

Notable musical tributes

• Akrobatik pays tribute to Dilla on his album Absolute Value. In the song "Put Your Stamp on It", he raps "If hip hop is dead then it happened the day that Dilla died". The song was produced by Dilla himself.
• Erykah Badu's 2008 album New Amerykah Part One (4th World War) contains a song with Questlove as a tribute to Dilla titled "Telephone". It is based on a story Dilla's mother told to Badu about Dilla's visions before his passing. The track 'My People' on New Amerykah Part One (4th World War) is a reworking of the Dilla's 'People' from the Donuts album. Badu also dedicates 'The Healer' to Dilla, saying in her lyrics "this one is for Dilla".
• Busta Rhymes and Mick Boogie released the free mixtape Dillagence [2]
• "Forever Begins" from Common's album Finding Forever is a tribute to J Dilla.
• De La Soul pay tribute to Dilla on the track "La La La" off of the NBA Live 10 soundtrack.
• Common's album Finding Forever is an album entirely dedicated to J Dilla, where as Kanye even cut up the samples in methods that J Dilla did.
• DJ Spinna released two tributes to Dilla on 45. The first being "Dilla is the G.O.A.T." an instrumental lament. The second,"Dillagence", contains the same production as the first mentioned, but with added vocals by Phonte of Little Brother fame. All of the lyrics were taken from previous J Dilla songs.
• Dwele on his 2008 album Sketches of a Man pays tribute to J Dilla all over the album, from the album cover (an imitation of Dilla's instrumental album Donuts), to the interludes ("Workin' On It" is a medley of various songs found on Donuts) and the songs "Open Your Eyes" and "Brandi". "Open Your Eyes" is a cover of the Bobby Caldwell song that was sampled by J Dilla for Common's "The Light", from his 2000 album Like Water For Chocolate. "Brandi" contains a sample from "Go Ladies" from J Dilla's former group Slum Village, who also appear on the song, from their 2000 album, Fantastic, Vol. 2.
• Ducktape the young producers duo; ET and Kayone alias Ducktape founded in The Netherlands made a minibeattape to honour there greatest inspiration; J dilla. Called "Dilla Tribute by Ducktape" (2009).
• Flying Lotus made a tribute called "Fall In Love".
• Robert Glasper, a jazz pianist, recorded "J Dillalude" as a tribute to the late producer.
• Charles Hamilton released a mixtape entitled, And Then They Played Dilla, in which he pays tribute to Dilla in many of its songs.
• Kardinal Offishall pays tribute to J Dilla on his album Not 4 Sale. At the end of the song "Due Me a Favour", he performs an a cappella rap, stating, "I believe that Dilla was the number one dude in rap".
• Madlib's album Beat Konducta Vol. 5: Dil Cosby Suite and Beat Konducta Vol. 6: Dil Withers Suite is his and J-Rocc's tributes to J Dilla.
• Pete Rock pays tribute to J Dilla on the album NY's Finest, on the track "Gangsta Boogie".
• Q-Tip pays tribute to J Dilla in the song "Shaka" and "Life is Better" on his album The Renaissance, as well as in the liner notes.
• Tona & Lyve released a project entitled "Direct Deposit" which featured many songs influenced by J Dilla, most notably "Hold Back" (feat. Richie Hennessy). On "Hold Back", producer Lyve recreates D'angelo's vocals ("Devil's Pie) paired with Dilla styled sound effects and drums.
• "Can't Stop This" from the The Roots' album Game Theory is a tribute to J Dilla.
• Show & A.G. pays tribute to J Dilla on their song "Business As Usual" from the Live Hard EP, where A.G. rhymes: "Age bitter, J Dilla rest your soul / Gave his life for this hip hop shit, y'all don't hear me though".
• Termanology recorded a hip hop mixtape tribute to J Dilla titled "If Heaven Was A Mile Away"
• Dan-e-o released a 2 in 1 album/mixtape entitled Dilla Pickles in honor of J Dilla.
• Czech producer DJ Wich made a tribute to J Dilla 4 years after his death in early 2010.
• St Louis and Chicago based production team HMD Productions paid a tribute to J Dilla by releasing a free instrumental project called D-Day: The Dilla Dedication Mixtape on February 26, 2010, featuring remixes of Dilla's beats. [3]

Discography

 이 부분의 본문은 J Dilla discography입니다.

Year	Artist	Album	Label
1997	Slum Village	Fan-Tas-Tic (Vol. 1)	Donut Boy Recordings/2006 re-release: Counterflow
2000	Slum Village	Fantastic, Vol. 2	Goodvibe
2000	Slum Village (as J-88)	Best Kept Secret EP	Groove Attack
2000	Jay Dee	F—k the Police b/w Move 12"	Up Above Records
2001	Jay Dee	Welcome 2 Detroit	Barely Breaking Even
2003	Jay Dee	Ruff Draft	Mummy/Groove Attack, Stones Throw
2003	Jaylib	Champion Sound	Stones Throw
2006	J Dilla	Donuts	Stones Throw
2006	J Dilla	The Shining	Barely Breaking Even
2008	J Dilla	Jay Love Japan	Operation Unknown, official release uncertain
2009	J Dilla	Jay Stay Paid	Nature Sounds

External links

Official sites

• (영어) J Dilla - 마이스페이스.
• J Dilla at Stones Throw Records.
• J Dilla at BBE Records.
• J Dilla Collection microsite.

Resources

• J Dilla discography at Discogs.
• Jaylib / Slum Village / The Ummah / The Soulquarians / 1st Down discographies at Discogs.
• J Dilla discography at Stones Throw Records.