사용자:Dmthoth/작업실2-3

• 사용자:Dmthoth/작업실2

틀:Atheism and Irreligion Sidebar Apatheism (a portmanteau of apathy and theism/atheism), also known as pragmatic atheism or (critically) as practical atheism, is acting with apathy, disregard, or lack of interest towards belief, or lack of belief in a deity. Apatheism describes the manner of acting towards a belief or lack of a belief in a deity; so applies to both theism and atheism. An apatheist is also someone who is not interested in accepting or denying any claims that gods exist or do not exist. In other words, an apatheist is someone who considers the question of the existence of gods as neither meaningful nor relevant to his or her life.

Apathetic agnosticism (also called pragmatic agnosticism) is the view that thousands of years of debate has neither proven, nor dis-proven, the existence of one or more deities (gods). This view concludes that even if one or more deities exist, they do not appear to be concerned about the fate of humans. Therefore, their existence has little impact on personal human affairs and should be of little theological interest.

"Apatheism" can take various brands:

• Absence of religious motivation—belief in gods do not motivate moral action, religious action, or any other form of action;
• Active exclusion of the issue of gods and religion from intellectual pursuit and practical action; or
• Indifference—the absence of any interest in the problems of gods and religion;
• Not In My Power—if god/s want people to believe in them, they need only to demonstrate their existence. There is nothing humans can do to prove the existence of a god, and gods are the only force that can prove their existence, therefore the choice of human faith lies not on the shoulders of humans, but god;

History

Historically, practical atheism was considered by some people to be associated with moral failure, willful ignorance, and impiety. Those considered practical atheists were said to behave as though God, ethics, and social responsibility did not exist; they abandoned duty and embraced hedonism. According to the French Catholic philosopher Étienne Borne, "Practical atheism is not the denial of the existence of God, but complete godlessness of action; it is a moral evil, implying not the denial of the absolute validity of the moral law but simply rebellion against that law."

In recent history (2000s onward), pragmatic atheism has been seen in a more positive light. The journalist Jonathan Rauch believes that "apatheism is to be celebrated as nothing less than a major civilizational advance. Religion, as the events of September 11 and after have so brutally underscored, remains the most divisive and volatile of social forces... Apatheism, therefore, should not be assumed to represent a lazy recumbency... Just the opposite: it is the product of a determined cultural effort to discipline the religious mindset, and often of an equally determined personal effort to master the spiritual passions. It is not a lapse. It is an achievement."

Arguments of brands of apatheism

Absence of religious motivation

Morals are present in human society and do not rely on religion to be a part of the human experience. The existence or nonexistence of a god has no effect on the actions of humans and may actually cause more human suffering than benefit. Apatheists recognize that religion may provide a "comfort" for many people around the world, but apatheists do not need religion to be content with the morality of their lives and therefore live without it, thus "moral apatheism".

Active exclusion

Religion has been the root cause of wars and cultural disputes for thousands of years, and therefore "religion" is still a very relevant issue within societies. However, since the existence of god can never be proved or disproved, society, culture, and science can and should progress without religion playing a role in intellectual pursuit and practical action. Including religion in dialogues and actions can result in inoptimal outcomes due to the inherent fractionalization between cultures that religions cause. (It should perhaps be noted that there are apatheistic religions, however.)

Indifference

Also known as the "I'll eat another cookie" philosophy , an indifferent apatheist would say, "Since the existence of God can never be proven, nor can it be disproven, I won't waste my time asking questions to which there are no answers, and just eat another cookie."

Not In My Power

Many religions first became popular because of "miracles" or "acts of god". In the Bible, Jesus and his Apostles were seemingly granted powers from God in order to convince followers of his existence. They healed the sick, gave sight to the blind, fed multitudes with a few loaves of bread, walked on water, and rose from the dead. Without these acts of God, it is doubtful that anyone would have believed in Christianity. Although it has not been proved if those feats really occurred, if God wanted people to believe in him, he should show off his existence and explain to humans what he wants us to do. Since he is all powerful, if he truly wanted humans to believe he could send a divine sign; however, wherefore he does not seem to care if humans believe or not, these apatheists will not care until he shows them a reason to.

Quotes

The eighteenth century French philosopher Denis Diderot, when accused of being an atheist, replied that he simply did not care whether God existed or not. In response to Voltaire, he wrote:

“

It is very important not to mistake hemlock for parsley; but not at all so to believe or not in God.

”

Jonathan Rauch described apatheism as "a disinclination to care all that much about one's own religion and even a stronger disinclination to care about other people's".

See also

• Agnosticism
• Cosmicism (see "cosmic indifference")
• Ignosticism
• Indifferentism
• God in Buddhism
• Nontheism

External links

• Apatheism, Allognosticism, and the American Religious Landscape.
• The Church of Apatheism, a web page first published in August 2000 which also uses the terms “apatheism” and “apatheist”
• Apatheism defined on Atheism.about.com
• "Let It Be: Three Cheers for Apatheism" by Jonathan Rauch Atlantic May 2003
• ABC New Radio:wordwatch, Apatheism
• Apathetic Agnostics