사용자:구순돌/연습장/트랩 메탈

위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.

틀:Use mdy dates 틀:Use American English 틀:Infobox music genre

Rap metal is a subgenre of rap rock and alternative metal music which combines hip hop with heavy metal. It usually consists of heavy metal guitar riffs, funk metal elements, rapped vocals and sometimes turntables.

History[편집]

Origins and early development (1980s–early 1990s)[편집]

With the release of its extended play I'm the Man, Anthrax (pictured) is considered one of the pioneers of rap metal.

Rap metal originated from rap rock, a genre fusing vocal and instrumental elements of hip hop with rock.[1] The genre's roots are based both in hip hop acts who sampled heavy metal music, such as Beastie Boys, MC Strecker[2] Cypress Hill,[3] Esham[4][5] and Run-DMC,[6] and rock bands who fused heavy metal and hip hop influences, such as 24-7 Spyz[7] and Faith No More.[8]

Scott Ian of Anthrax (who helped pioneer the genre) believes Rage Against the Machine invented the genre.[9] However, Urban Dance Squad (formed in 1986), fused rap and metal before Rage Against the Machine, although Rage Against the Machine is considered to have refined the sound, giving rap rock an edginess and grit that would define the genre for years to come.[10]

In 1987, the heavy metal band Anthrax fused hip hop with heavy metal for their extended play I'm the Man.[11] The next year rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot teamed up with Metal Church for his 1988 single "Iron Man", from his debut album Swass, loosely based upon the Black Sabbath song of the same name.[1] Rap metal can be found in a track from the industrial metal band Ministry in their 1989 album The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste on the track "Test" for which they hired rappers The Grand Wizard (K. Lite) and The Slogan God (Tommie Boyskee) to perform vocals. In 1990, the rapper Ice-T formed a heavy metal band called Body Count, and while performing at the 1991 Lollapalooza tour performed a set that was half rap songs and half metal songs. Stuck Mojo and Clawfinger, both formed in 1989, are considered to be another two pioneers of the genre.[12][13] Anthrax in 1991 teamed up with Public Enemy for a remake of the latter's "Bring the Noise" that fused hip hop with thrash metal.[14] Also in 1991, the thrash metal band Tourniquet featured the hip hop group P.I.D. on the song "Spineless" from their album Psycho Surgery.[15][16]

Rise in popularity (1990s–early 2000s)[편집]

In the 1990s, rap metal became a popular style of music. For instance, the band Faith No More's song "Epic" was a major success and peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Hot 100.[17] 1993 saw the release of the Judgment Night soundtrack that featured numerous collaborations between rappers, musicians and rock and metal group of bands. Rage Against the Machine's 1996 album Evil Empire entered the Billboard 200 at number one, and in 1999, their third studio album, The Battle of Los Angeles, also debuted in top spot in the Billboard 200, selling 430,000 copies in its first week.[18] Each of the band's albums became at least platinum hits.[19] Biohazard played on the Ozzfest mainstage alongside Ozzy Osbourne, Slayer, Danzig, Fear Factory, and Sepultura. In support of the album, Biohazard embarked on a short co-headlining tour of Europe with Suicidal Tendencies.

On August 18, 1998, Atlantic released rap metal musician Kid Rock's Devil Without a Cause behind the single "Welcome 2 the Party (Ode 2 the Old School)" and Kid Rock went on the Vans Warped Tour to support the album. Sales of "Welcome 2 The Party" and Devil Without a Cause were slow, though the 1998 Warped Tour in Northampton, Massachusetts stimulated regional interest in Massachusetts and New England. This led to substantial airplay of the single "I Am The Bullgod" during the summer and fall of 1998 on Massachusetts rock staples WZLX and WAAF. In early December 1998, while DJing at a club, he met and became friends with MTV host Carson Daly. He talked Daly into getting him a performance on MTV and on December 28, 1998, he performed on MTV Fashionably Loud in Miami, Florida, creating a buzz from his performance, even upstaging Jay-Z. In May, his sales began taking off with the third single "Bawitdaba" and by April 1999, Devil Without a Cause had achieved a gold disc.[20] The following month, Devil, as he predicted, went platinum.[20] Kid Rock's first major tour was Limptropolis, where he opened for Limp Bizkit with Staind. He solidified his superstardom with a Woodstock 1999 performance and on July 24 of that year, he was double platinum.[20] The following single "Cowboy", a mix of southern rock, country, and rap, was an even bigger hit, making the Top 40. It even became the theme song of WCW's Jeff Jarrett. Rock's next single, the slow back porch blues ballad "Only God Knows Why", was the biggest hit off the album, charting at No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was one of the first songs to use the autotune effect. By the time the final single, "Wasting Time", was released, the album had sold 7 million copies. Devil Without a Cause was certified 11 times platinum by the RIAA on April 17, 2003.[20] According to Nielsen SoundScan, as of 2013, actual sales are 9.3 million. Kid Rock was nominated as Best New Artist at the 2000 Grammy Awards, but lost to Christina Aguilera. He was nominated for "Bawitdaba" for Best Hard Rock Performance, but lost to Metallica's "Whiskey in the Jar". In 1998, Ice Cube released his long-awaited album War & Peace Vol. 1 (The War Disc) which had some elements of nu metal and rap metal on some tracks.[21] The album debuted at No. 7 on the Billboard 200 chart, selling 180,000 copies in the first week.[22]

Rap metal band Limp Bizkit

It reached the height of its popularity during 1999,[23] with the Port Huron Times-Herald describing the summer of that year as a "bipolar menu of harsh rap-metal and gooey teen pop."[24] Around this time, the style started to attract criticism in the mainstream, particularly after the troubled Woodstock 1999 festival, which featured many artists associated with rap metal and nu/alternative metal, such as Kid Rock, Limp Bizkit, Rage Against the Machine and Reveille.[25] Pop punk musician Jeff Brogowski told The Morning Call newspaper in 1999 that "these macho rap-metal bands are just so mean-spirited. Look what happened at Woodstock (last summer). All the violence, looting and the fires. Something strange is going on. Maybe it has something do with all the economic prosperity. It's getting ugly like it was during the '80s, when so many people and bands were so cocky."[26]

The nu/rap metal band Limp Bizkit's 1999 album Significant Other climbed to No. 1 on the Billboard 200, selling 643,874 copies in its first week of release.[27] In its second week of release, the album sold an additional 335,000 copies.[27] The band's follow-up album, Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavored Water, set a record for highest week-one sales of a rock album with over one million copies sold in the U.S. in its first week of release, with 400,000 of those sales coming on its first day, making it the fastest-selling rock album ever, breaking the record held for 7 years by Pearl Jam's Vs.[28] That same year, Papa Roach's major label debut Infest became a platinum hit.[29] Cypress Hill incorporated direct heavy metal influences into their 2000 album Skull & Bones, which featured six tracks in which rappers B-Real and Sen Dog were backed by a band including Fear Factory members Christian Olde Wolbers and Dino Cazares and Rage Against the Machine drummer Brad Wilk.[30] B-Real also formed a rap metal group, Kush, with Wolbers, Fear Factory drummer Raymond Herrera and Deftones guitarist Stephen Carpenter.[31][32] According to B-Real, Kush is more aggressive than other bands in the genre.[32] SX-10, formed in 1996 by Sen Dog, also performs rap rock and rap metal.[33]

In 2000, the rap metal band P.O.D.'s 1999 album The Fundamental Elements of Southtown went platinum[34] and was the 143rd best-selling album of 2000.[35] Late in 2000, Linkin Park released their debut album Hybrid Theory, which remains both the best-selling debut album by any artist in the 21st century, and the best-selling nu metal album of all time.[36] The album was also the best-selling album in all genres in 2001, offsetting sales by prominent pop acts like Backstreet Boys and N'Sync,[37] earning the band a Grammy Award for their second single "Crawling",[38] with the fourth single, "In the End", released late in 2001, becoming one of the most recognized songs in the first decade of the 21st century.[39][40] The rap rock band Crazy Town also broke into the mainstream success of nu metal with their 1999 album The Gift of Game, especially their number 1 hit single, "Butterfly", which peaked at number 1 on many charts including the Billboard Hot 100 during March 2001, remaining on the Hot 100 for 23 weeks.[41][42] It also peaked at number 1 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart and the Hot Dance Singles chart as well as peaking number 6 on the Rhythmic Top 40, number 2 on the Top 40 Mainstream chart and number 4 on the Top 40 Tracks chart.[43] Their album The Gift of Game peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200.[43] Worldwide the album sold more than 2.5 million units,[44] with more than 1.5 million in the US alone.[45] Also that year was Saliva's Every Six Seconds which was also a commercial success, debuting at no. 6 on the Billboard 200. In 2001, the band P.O.D.'s Satellite album went triple platinum[46] and peaked at #6 on the Billboard 200 chart.[47]

2010s[편집]

Proyecto Eskhata, a Spanish band which debuted in 2012, has received much press coverage in Spain for its fusion of progressive rock and rap metal, which journalists have described as "progressive rap metal".[48][49][50][51]

Influence on other genres[편집]

Nu metal[편집]

<nowiki /> 이 부분의 본문은 Nu metal입니다.

Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and aggro-metal) is a genre that combines elements of heavy metal music with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative metal, funk, industrial and groove metal. Nu metal bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including rap metal and other heavy metal subgenres.

Trap metal[편집]

틀:Infobox music genre

Trap metal (also known as ragecore, death rap,[52] industrial trap and scream rap)[53] is a fusion genre that combines elements of trap music and heavy metal,[54] as well as elements of other genres, like industrial[55] and nu metal.[56] It is characterized by distorted beats, hip hop flows, harsh vocals, and down tuned heavy metal guitars.[54][57][58] Bones has been considered by Kerrang! to be one of the earliest practitioners of the genre, performing trap metal tracks beginning around 2014.[59] British rapper Scarlxrd is often associated with the genre and is considered a pioneer of trap metal.[60][61][54][59] WQHT described OG Maco's 2014 eponymous EP as being a part of the genre's early development.[62] Other artists associated with trap metal include Dropout Kings,[63] Bone Crew,[64] Ghostemane,[59] ZillaKami,[65] Fever 333,[66] Ho99o9,[67] City Morgue,[68] Kid Bookie,[69] Rico Nasty,[70] Kim Dracula,[71] Backxwash,[72] Denzel Curry,[73] and $uicideboy$,[52] as well as the early careers of XXXTentacion, 6ix9ine[74] and Ski Mask the Slump God.[75]

Some artists such as Ho99o9, ZillaKami and 6ix9ine are also influenced by hardcore punk,[65][67] whereas Ghostemane's music contains elements of black metal, gothic rock and emo.[76]

See also[편집]

References[편집]

  1. ↑ 가 나 Henderson, Alex. “Rap-Metal”. 《AllMusic》. 2008년 6월 24일에 확인함. 
  2. ↑ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. “Review of Licensed to Ill”. 《AllMusic》. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  3. ↑ Huey, Steve. “Review of Black Sunday”. 《AllMusic》. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  4. ↑ Keyes, Cheryl Lynette (2002). 〈Blending and Shaping Styles: Rap and Other Musical Voices〉. 《Rap Music and Street Consciousness》. University of Illinois Press. 108쪽. ISBN 9780252072017. 
  5. ↑ Ketchum III, William E. (2008년 10월 15일). “Mayor Esham? What?”. 《Metro Times》 (Detroit, Michigan). 2008년 10월 16일에 확인함. 
  6. ↑ “Biography of Run-D.M.C.”. 《AllMusic》. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  7. ↑ “24-7 Spyz! Threw reggae, rap, metal and positive vibes into a blender, then drank in the musical mix”. 《Rocky Mountain News》. 1991년 11월 22일. 2009년 1월 8일에 확인함. 
  8. ↑ “Faith No More has more faith than its record company bargained for”. 《San Jose Mercury News》. 1990년 7월 31일. 2009년 1월 8일에 확인함. 
  9. ↑ “Archived copy”. July 18, 2013에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. July 1, 2013에 확인함. 
  10. ↑ “Artantica - Urban Dance Squad - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic”. 《AllMusic》. 2018년 1월 24일에 확인함. 
  11. ↑ Peterson, Thane (2000년 9월 26일). “How Corrosive Is Heavy Metal?”. 《BusinessWeek》. 2009년 1월 8일에 확인함. 
  12. ↑ “Mojo's Working — Rap-Rock Pioneers Are Back”. 《Columbus Ledger-Enquirer》. 2006년 4월 13일. 2008년 12월 9일에 확인함.  |title=에 지움 문자가 있음(위치 3) (도움말)
  13. ↑ Barnes, Brad (2006년 4월 19일). “Rap-rock pioneers have their 'Mojo' workin'”. 《Columbus Ledger-Enquirer》. 2008년 12월 9일에 확인함.  |title=에 지움 문자가 있음(위치 3) (도움말)
  14. ↑ Gold, Jonathan (1991년 10월 21일). “Anthrax, Public Enemy Fuse Rap, Metal”. 《Los Angeles Times》. 2011년 6월 29일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 1월 8일에 확인함. 
  15. ↑ “The Top 10 Christian Metal Bands”. 《OC Weekly》. 2015년 12월 13일에 확인함. 
  16. ↑ “Review: Psycho Surgery - Tourniquet - Cassette | Cross Rhythms”. 《www.crossrhythms.co.uk》. 2015년 12월 13일에 확인함. 
  17. ↑ “Faith No More Album & Song Chart History”. 《Billboard》 (Prometheus Global Media). 
  18. ↑ “Raging Sales Put Rage Atop Billboard 200”. 《Billboard.com》. 1999년 11월 11일. 2008년 10월 30일에 확인함. 
  19. ↑ “RIAA - Gold & Platinum: Searchable Database”. Recording Industry Association of America. 2008년 10월 29일에 확인함. 
  20. ↑ 가 나 다 라 “RIAA Certifications for albums by Kid Rock: Gold and Platinum”. 《RIAA.com》. Recording Industry Association of America. 2008년 7월 22일에 확인함. 
  21. ↑ [(영어) https://www.allmusic.com/album/r381243 Allmusic review]
  22. ↑ 《Billboard》. 2012년 3월 14일에 확인함. 
  23. ↑ Henderson, Alex. “Side Show Freaks - 40 Below Summer”. 《AllMusic》. 2013년 6월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 4월 4일에 확인함. When 40 Below Summer self-released their debut album, Side Show Freaks, in 1999, rap-metal was huge -- and countless bands were jumping on the Korn/Limp Bizkit/Slipknot/(hed) pe bandwagon. 
  24. ↑ “The Times Herald from Port Huron, Michigan on August 19, 1999 · Page 37”. 
  25. ↑ Brant, Marley (2008). 《Join Together: Forty Years of the Rock Music Festival》. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-926-8. 2017년 10월 26일에 확인함. 
  26. ↑ Condran, Ed (1999년 12월 17일). “Pop-punk Band Lawndarts Makes A Point Of Having Fun”. 《The Morning Call》. 2017년 4월 28일에 확인함. 
  27. ↑ 가 나 Devenish, Colin (2000). 《Limp Bizkit》. St. Martin's. 95–113쪽. ISBN 0-312-26349-X. 
  28. ↑ Reese, Lori (2000년 10월 24일). “Bizkit in Gravy | Music”. 《Entertainment Weekly》. 2010년 6월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2010년 7월 29일에 확인함. 
  29. ↑ B. Reesman, "Sustaining the success", Billboard, June 23, 2001, 113 (25), p. 25.
  30. ↑ Gill, John (2000년 3월 10일). “Cypress Hill Digs Up "Bones" With Rap And Rock”. MTV. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  31. ↑ Moss, Corey (2002년 4월 23일). “With Kush Record Done, B-Real Keepin' Real Busy”. MTV News. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  32. ↑ 가 나 Downey, Ryan J (2002년 11월 27일). “B-Real Finishing Up Kush LP, Going Grimmer For Next Cypress Hill Album”. MTV News. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  33. ↑ “SX10 tocara hoy en el DanZoo”. 《La Jornada》 (스페인어) (Mexico City). 2003년 5월 24일. 2008년 12월 31일에 확인함. 
  34. ↑ “The Fundamental Elements of Southtown - P.O.D. : Awards”. 《AllMusic》. 1999년 8월 17일. 2013년 1월 1일에 확인함. 
  35. ↑ “Billboard 200 Albums - 2000 Year End Charts: 141 - 160 | Billboard”. 《Billboard》. 2013년 1월 3일에 확인함. 
  36. ↑ “Linkin Park - Hybrid Theory (staff review)”. 《Sputnikmusic》. 2006년 9월 2일. 2012년 8월 27일에 확인함. 
  37. ↑ Sanneh, Kelefa (2002년 3월 31일). “MUSIC; New Ideas From the Top of the Charts”. 《New York Times》. 
  38. ↑ “Complete List Of Grammy Nominees”. 《CBS News》. 2009년 2월 11일. 2012년 8월 27일에 확인함. 
  39. ↑ “The 500 Greatest Songs Since You Were Born”. April 10, 2009에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. October 4, 2010에 확인함. 
  40. ↑ “Billboard Music Charts - Latest Music News - Music Videos”. 《Billboard》. December 29, 2008에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. June 24, 2008에 확인함. 
  41. ↑ “Crazy Town - Chart History”. 《Billboard》. 
  42. ↑ “Crazy Town”. 《MTV Artists》. 2016년 2월 23일에 확인함. 
  43. ↑ 가 나 “The Gift of Game”. 《AllMusic》. 2016년 2월 23일에 확인함. 
  44. ↑ Melodic.net – Darkhorse review
  45. ↑ 10/Jan/2002 Allbusiness.com – Billboard Bits: Crazy Town, Nelly, Ny Metropolis Fest
  46. ↑ Jeckell, Barry A. (2002년 9월 19일). “Satellite is certified triple-platinum”. 《Billboard》. 2007년 12월 31일에 확인함. The triple-platinum milestone was recently reached by hard rock act P.O.D.'s year-old "Satellite" (Atlantic) 
  47. ↑ “P.O.D. Billboard Albums Chart”. billboard.com. 
  48. ↑ “Proyecto Éskhata + Zarcort”. 2018년 1월 24일에 확인함. 
  49. ↑ “MetalKorner - PROYECTO ESKHATA adelanta un tema de su futuro álbum”. 《metalkorner.com》. 2018년 1월 24일에 확인함. 
  50. ↑ “PROYECTO ESKHATA - SALEM - INVISIBLE”. 2015년 7월 2일. 2018년 1월 24일에 확인함. 
  51. ↑ “[Críticas de Discos] Proyecto Eskhata – La edad postcontemporánea (2015)”. 2015년 5월 29일. 2018년 1월 24일에 확인함. 
  52. ↑ 가 나 JEWELL, JIAH. “$UICIDEBOY$ GET DARK IN "I WANT TO DIE IN NEW ORLEANS"”. 《The Nevada Sagebrush》. 2018년 9월 23일에 확인함. 
  53. ↑ Lyphe Happens (2019년 2월 5일). 《UNDER OUR RAGE》 (영어). 
  54. ↑ 가 나 다 Morton, Luke (2018년 6월 6일). “Scarlxrd: The new sound of the underground”. 《Metal Hammer》. 2018년 9월 23일에 확인함. 
  55. ↑ Morton, Luke (2018년 10월 2일). “I witnessed the death of genres”. 《Metal Hammer》. 
  56. ↑ Cook, Lottie (2018년 9월 9일). “LIVE REVIEW: Reading Festival @ Little John's Farm, Reading (26/08/2018)”. 2018년 10월 2일에 확인함. 
  57. ↑ Goodman, Eleanor. “Jonathan Davis on the new Korn album, his solo record, trap metal and world music”. 《Metal Hammer》. 2021년 4월 4일에 확인함. 
  58. ↑ Worsham, Trenton (2018년 7월 27일). “Fronz Announces 'Trap Metal' Project Bone Crew”. 《Soundlink Magazine》. 2018년 10월 5일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 4월 4일에 확인함. 
  59. ↑ 가 나 다 JAMIESON, BRII (2018년 5월 23일). “This is Trap Metal”. 《Kerrang!》. 
  60. ↑ “NEWS: Scarlxrd drops video for brand new track, 'I Need Space'!”. 2018년 9월 14일. 2018년 10월 14일에 확인함. 
  61. ↑ “Unleash your fury with trap metal revolutionary SCARLXRD's explosive 'DXXM' - AFROPUNK”. 2018년 5월 23일. 
  62. ↑ -, Crüe. “Listen To OG Maco's Self-Titled EP”. 《WQHT》. 2018년 12월 30일에 확인함. 
  63. ↑ BURCH, KEL (2019년 11월 26일). “生 Conform 死 – Luxury Letdown (New Music)”. 《DepthMag》. 2019년 11월 26일에 확인함. 
  64. ↑ Redrup, Zach (2018년 7월 29일). “NEWS: Fronz (Attila) unveils new trap metal project, Bone Crew!”. 2018년 10월 2일에 확인함. 
  65. ↑ 가 나 AARON, CHARLES (2018년 3월 9일). “Review: Rapper Tekashi 6ix9ine Takes Dodgy Stage Dive Into Fame on 'Day 69'”. 《Rolling Stone》. 2018년 12월 13일에 확인함. 
  66. ↑ Yeung, Neil Z. “The Fever 333 Biography”. 《AllMusic》. 2019년 1월 18일에 확인함. 
  67. ↑ 가 나 Wray, Daniel Dylan. “Ho99o9 United States of Horror”. 2018년 12월 26일에 확인함. 
  68. ↑ Zagaglia, Riccardo. “Migliori album 2018. La classifica di Riccardo Zagaglia”. 2018년 12월 13일에 확인함. 
  69. ↑ “Exclusive: Watch The Official Video For Kid Bookie And Corey Taylor's New Track”. 《Kerrang!》. 2021년 4월 4일에 확인함. 
  70. ↑ Galil, Leor (2018년 8월 3일). “Rapper Rico Nasty sets a straight line for stardom on Nasty”. 《Chicago Reader》. 2018년 12월 23일에 확인함. 
  71. ↑ Thomas, Jen (2021년 2월 9일). “10 musical TikTok artists you should be following right now”. 《Louder Sound》 (Future plc). 2021년 2월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 4월 4일에 확인함. 
  72. ↑ Matulaityte, Giedre (2020년 8월 21일). “10 trap-metal releases that push the genre into new extremes”. 《Alternative Press》. 2022년 3월 4일에 확인함. 
  73. ↑ Weingarten, Christopher R. (2019년 4월 25일). “Denzel Curry: The Rage, Hustle and Vision of Hip-Hop's "Black Metal Terrorist"”. 《Revolver》. 2022년 3월 4일에 확인함. 
  74. ↑ “10 More New Rappers You Should Know”. 2017년 8월 8일. 
  75. ↑ “Ski Mask The Slump God & Juice WRLD Sample 'Mortal Kombat' & Reference 'Call Of Duty' On "Nuketown"”. 2018년 12월 30일에 확인함. 
  76. ↑ Purdom, Clayton. “Horrorcore is rap's monstrous creation that refuses to die”. 《The A.V. Club》. 2018년 12월 26일에 확인함. 

틀:Alternative metal 틀:Alternative rock 틀:Heavy metal 틀:Rap rock 틀:Subgenres and fusion genres of hip hop music

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