위험 인자

역학에서 위험 인자(risk factor)는 질병이나 감염의 위험 증가와 관련되는 변수다.^[1]^:38 결정 요인(Determinant)이라는 용어가 동의어로 종종 사용된다. 공동체 보건 정책의 결정 요인은 불평등에 일반적으로 존재하는 건강 위험이며 개인이 통제하기 어렵다.^[2]^[3]^[4] 이를테면 비타민 C를 적게 섭취하면 괴혈병을 발전시키는 위험 요인이 될 수 있다. 보건 정책에서 가난(빈곤)은 개인의 건강 기준의 결정 요인이다.

역사[편집]

위험 인자의 영어 낱말 리스크 팩터(risk factor)라는 용어는 1961년 논문 내과학 회보(Annals of Internal Medicine)에서 전 프래밍햄 심장 연구 감독인 William B. Kannel에 의해 처음 만들어졌다.^[5]

각주[편집]

↑ Parritz, Robin Hornik. 《Disorders of childhood : development and psychopathology》. Troy, Michael F. (Michael Francis), Thi판. Boston, MA. ISBN 9781337098113. OCLC 960031712.
↑ “Health Impact Assessment (HIA): Glossary of terms used”. World Health Organization. 2019년 7월 20일에 확인함.
↑ “Health Impact Assessment (HIA): The determinants of health”. World Health Organization. 2019년 7월 20일에 확인함.
↑ 《Improving Health in the Community: A Role for Performance Monitoring: 2. Understanding Health and Its Determinants: A Model of the Determinants of Health》. National Academy of Sciences: National Academies Press: Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Using Performance Monitoring to Improve Community Health. 1997. ISBN 978-0309055345. Unlike a biomedical model that views health as the absence of disease, this dynamic framework includes functional capacity and well-being as health outcomes of interest. It also presents the behavioral and biologic responses of individuals as factors that influence health but are themselves influenced by social, physical, and genetic factors that are beyond the control of the individual.
↑ Husten, Larry (2011년 8월 23일). “William Kannel, Former Director of the Framingham Heart Study, Dead at 87”. 《Forbes》.

[:0-1] Parritz, Robin Hornik. 《Disorders of childhood : development and psychopathology》. Troy, Michael F. (Michael Francis), Thi판. Boston, MA. ISBN 9781337098113. OCLC 960031712.

[2] “Health Impact Assessment (HIA): Glossary of terms used”. World Health Organization. 2019년 7월 20일에 확인함.

[3] “Health Impact Assessment (HIA): The determinants of health”. World Health Organization. 2019년 7월 20일에 확인함.

[4] 《Improving Health in the Community: A Role for Performance Monitoring: 2. Understanding Health and Its Determinants: A Model of the Determinants of Health》. National Academy of Sciences: National Academies Press: Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Using Performance Monitoring to Improve Community Health. 1997. ISBN 978-0309055345. Unlike a biomedical model that views health as the absence of disease, this dynamic framework includes functional capacity and well-being as health outcomes of interest. It also presents the behavioral and biologic responses of individuals as factors that influence health but are themselves influenced by social, physical, and genetic factors that are beyond the control of the individual.

[5] Husten, Larry (2011년 8월 23일). “William Kannel, Former Director of the Framingham Heart Study, Dead at 87”. 《Forbes》.

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