근본주의자-현대주의자 논쟁
근본주의자–현대주의자 논쟁 (Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy )은 1920년대와 1930년대에 미국 북장로교회 안에서 분열을 말한다. 기독교의 근본적인 주제들에 대한 논쟁이었는데 성경의 권위, 예수의 십자가의 죽음, 예수의 부활, 대속에 대한 것들이었다.[1] 두개의 세력으로 형성되어 전통적인 기독교 정통주의자인 복음주의자들과 시대에 맞게 변화된 신앙체계를 주장하는 현대주의자들이 충돌하였다. 첫번째 분열은개혁주의 기독교와 프린스턴 신학교가 중심이 되었는데 곧 미국 전체 기독교의 모든 교파로 퍼져나갔다. 처음에는 영향을 받지 않던 루터교회도 논쟁으로 분열되었다. 1930년 끝에서 신학적 자유주의를 지지하는 자들이 효과적으로 논쟁에서 승리하고 주된 개신교 신학교와 출판사를 지배하였다.[2] 이에 주된 교단으로부터 탈퇴한 보수주의 기독교인들은 존더반 출판사와 바올라 대학교, 리버티 대학교, 달라스 신학교, 풀러 신학교, 그리고 웨스트민스터 신학교를 설립하였다. 1970년에 와서는 보수적 기독교의 남 침례교회와 장로교회가 다시 부활하였다.
5개의 근본교리[편집]
각주[편집]
추가 자료[편집]
- The Presbyterian Conflict by Edwin H. Rian (1940)
- The Broadening Church: A Study of Theological Issues in the Presbyterian Church Since 1869 by Lefferts A. Loetscher (1954)
- A Half Century of Union Theological Seminary, 1896–1945 by Henry Sloane Coffin (1954)
- The Making of a Minister: The Autobiography of Clarence E. Macartney by Clarence E. Macartney (1961)
- Henry Sloane Coffin: The Man and His Ministry by Morgan Phelps Noyes (1964)
- Harry Emerson Fosdick: Preacher, Pastor, Prophet by Robert Moats Miller (1985)
- Harry Emerson Fosdick: Persuasive Preacher by Halford R. Ryan (1989)
- The Presbyterian Controversy: Fundamentalists, Modernists, and Moderates by Bradley J. Longfield (1991)
- Understanding Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism by George M. Marsden (1991)
- The Confessional Mosaic: Presbyterians and Twentieth-Century Theology, ed. Milton J. Coalter, John M. Mulder, and Louis B. Weeks (1991)
- The Pluralistic Vision: Presbyterians and Mainstream Protestant Education and Leadership. ed. Milton J. Coalter, John M. Mulder, and Louis B. Weeks (1992)
- Princeton Theological Seminary: A Narrative History, 1812–1982 by William K. Selden (1992)
- A Righteous Cause: The Life of William Jennings Bryan by Robert W. Cherney (1994)
- Defending the Faith: J. Gresham Machen and the Crisis of Conservative Protestantism in Twentieth-Century America by D. G. Hart (1995)
- Crossed Fingers: How the Liberals Captured the Presbyterian Church by Gary North (1996)
- Pearl S. Buck: A Cultural Biography by Peter Conn (1996)
- A Brief History of the Presbyterians by James H. Smylie (1996)
- Summer for the Gods: The Scopes Trial and America's Continuing Debate over Science and Religion by Edward J. Larson (1998)
- Toward a Sure Faith: J. Gresham Machen and the Dilemma of Biblical Criticism by Terry A. Chrisope (2001)
- The Scopes Trial: A Brief History with Documents by Jeffrey P. Moran (2002)
- Monkey Business: The True Story of the Scopes Trial by Marvin Olasky and John Perry (2005)
- A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan by Michael Kazin (2006)
- Fundamentalism and American Culture by George M. Marsden (2006)
- Yet Saints Their Watch Are Keeping: Fundamentalists, Modernists, and the Development of Evangelical Ecclesiology, 1887–1937 by J. Michael Utzinger (2006)
외부 링크[편집]
- The Scofield Reference Bible (1909) (the online version is the 1917 edition)
- The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth, edited by R.A. Torrey (1910–15)
- The Origins of Paul's Religion by J. Gresham Machen (1921)
- "Shall the Fundamentalists Win?" by Harry Emerson Fosdick (1922)
- "Shall Unbelief Win?" by Clarence E. Macartney (1922)
- In His Image by William Jennings Bryan (1922) at Project Gutenberg
- "Who is Fundamental?" Archived 2008년 3월 12일 - 웨이백 머신 from Time magazine (1923)
- Christianity and Liberalism by J. Gresham Machen (1923)
- The Auburn Affirmation (1924)
- H.L. Mencken's newspaper columns on the Scopes Trial (July 17–20, 1925)
- Re-Thinking Missions: A Laymen's Inquiry after One Hundred Years by William Ernest Hocking (1932) archive.org free book to read