사용자:이형주/조선민주주의인민공화국 원

이형주/조선민주주의인민공화국 원
사용국	{{{사용국}}}
기호	₩

원은 북한의 통화이다. 1 원은 100 전으로 나뉜다. 모든 동전과 지폐는 조선민주주의인민공화국중앙은행이 발행한다.

어원

 이 부분의 본문은 한국 화폐 단위 어원입니다.

Wŏn is a cognate of the Chinese yuan and Japanese yen. 1 원은 100 전(錢)으로 나뉘어져 있다.

역사

 이 부분의 본문은 History of the Korean currencies입니다.

The wŏn became the currency of North Korea on December 6, 1947, replacing the Korean yen that was still in circulation. It was revalued at a rate of one hundred to one in 1959. For the earlier Korean wŏn, see Korean wŏn.

North Korean wŏn are intended exclusively for North Korean citizens, and the Bank of Trade (무역은행) issued a separate currency (or foreign exchange certificates) for visitors, like many other socialist states. However, North Korea made 2 varieties of foreign exchange certificates, one for visitors from "socialist countries" which were coloured red, and the other for visitors from "capitalist countries" which were coloured blue/green. In recent times, FECs have been largely deprecated in favor of visitors paying directly with hard currency, especially the euro.

Since 2001, the North Korean government has abandoned the iconic rate of 2.16 wŏn to the dollar (which is said to have been based upon Kim Jong-il's birthday, February 16) and banks in the country now issue at rates closer to the black market rate. However, rampant inflation has been eroding the North Korean wŏn's value to such an extent that currently it is believed to be worth about the same as the South Korean wŏn. In any case, the U.S. dollar and other currencies are still worth more in North Korean wŏn on the black market than officially. This is also apparent when one examines the dates of issue or series of the different denominations of banknotes (see above).

동전

현재 통용되고 있는 동전
Value	Technical parameters		Description		Date of minted year
	Diameter	Composition	Obverse	Reverse	General issue (no star)	Socialist visitor (1 star)	Capitalist visitor (2 stars)
1 chŏn	16 mm	알루미늄	State title, Coat of arms, year of minting	Value, (optionally, star(s))	1959, 1970	1959	1959
5 chŏn	18 mm				1959, 1974	1974	1974
10 chŏn	20 mm				1959	1959	1959
50 chŏn	25 mm		Bank title, Coat of arms, value	Chollima statue, year of minting, (optionally, star(s))	1978	1978	1978
₩1	27 mm		Bank title, Coat of arms, value, year of minting	인민대학습당	1987	N/A	N/A
₩10	23 mm			Value	2005	N/A	N/A
₩50	25 mm				2005	N/A	N/A
₩100	27 mm				2005	N/A	N/A

Coins with 1 star are for "socialist visitors", and coins with 2 stars are for "capitalist visitors".

지폐

As explained above, there are two varieties of foreign certificates. For the 1978 banknote series, foreign certificates were implemented by overstamp and serial number color:

Variation of the 1978 Series
Overstamp	일련 번호 색깔	Target users
None	1 red, 1 black	General circulation
Green with Korean text	2 black	Socialist visitors
Green with Korean text	2 red	Capitalist visitors
Red with numeral	2 red	Replaced the original unstamped notes
Blue with numeral	2 black	Unknown

1988년, 무역은행 (중앙 은행의 반대)는 issued 2 unique series of foreign certificates. They both included 1 chŏn, 5 chŏn, 10 chŏn, 50 chŏn, ₩1, ₩5, ₩10, and ₩50. The series for "capitalist visitors" was blue-green, while the series for "socialist visitors" was pink. The chŏn notes had a simple design of patterns and the values, while the socialist wŏn notes depict the International Friendship Exhibition, and the capitalist wŏn notes depict the Chollima statue.

현재 유통되고 있는 지폐는

1992 Series
Value	크기	색	설명			발행 년도
			앞면	뒷면	워터마크
₩1	116 × 55 mm	Green	Young woman with flowers	금강산	천리마 동상	1992
₩5	126 × 60 mm	Blue	Students with a globe	인민대학습당		1992, 1998
₩10	136 × 65 mm	Brown-orange	Factory worker, Chollima statue	Flood gates
₩50	146 × 70 mm	Orange	Young professionals, 주체사상탑	Landscape	주체사상탑	1992
₩100	156 × 75 mm	Red and brown	김일성	만경대에 있는 김일성의 생가	평양 개선문	1992
₩200	140 × 72 mm	Blue and green	Flowers	Value	천리마 동상	2005
₩500	156 × 75 mm	Dark green	Kumsusan Memorial Palace	Suspension bridge	Arch of Triumph	1998
₩1000		Green-cyan	김일성	만경대에 있는 김일성의 생가		2002
₩5000		Violet

가 있다.

Unusually, the 100, 1,000 and 5,000 wŏn bills are of essentially the same basic design, portraying the exact same subjects (although they are colored differently). North Korea has in the past issued whole series of foreign exchange certificates in which the designs are exactly the same, right down to color, only the denomination being different.

같이 보기

• 조선민주주의인민공화국의 경제

주석

• Schuler, Kurt. Tables of Modern Monetary History: Asia.
• Cuhaj, George S. (editor) (2005). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: Modern Issues 1961-Date, 11th ed., Krause Publications. ISBN 0-89689-160-7.
• Krause, Chester L. and Clifford Mishler (2003). 2004 Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1901-Present, Colin R. Bruce II (senior editor), 31st ed., Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87349-593-4.
• World coin news on the new coins. Retrieved 3-1-2006.

바깥 고리

• (영어) 조선민주주의인민공화국의 동전
• (영어) 조선민주주의인민공화국의 지폐